aeging swallowing Flashcards
1
Q
what is presbyphagia
A
A disruption to swallow function in the absence of any other underlying disease
2
Q
what are factors that change swallowing
A
medication
age
polypharmacy
structural changes
decreased appetite
frailty
medical conditions
3
Q
what are some structural changes that affect swallowing
A
change in bone density
chang in muscle bulk (sarcopenia)
dentition
cervical spine
4
Q
what is sarcopenia
A
a progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and power, and is regarded as a key component of frailty
5
Q
how is the oral preparatory phrase altered with age
A
- Decreased taste
- Increased effort in solid bolus mastication
and manipulation - Decreased smell
- Reduced oral sensation
- Dentition loss
- Hyposalivation (reduced saliva)
- Xerostomia (dry mouth) due to reduced
acinar cells
6
Q
how is the oral phase changed with age
A
- decreased tongue strength
- reduced strengthof masticatory muscles
- straw drinking and sequential drinking harder
7
Q
how is the pharyngeal phase affected by age
A
- inititation of swallow is slower
- reduced anterior hyoid excursion
- reduced pharyngeal stripping
- reduced tongue based retraction
- atrophy (muscle wasting) of pharyngeal musculature
- volume of pharynx increases
- Difficulty with larger bolus volumes
- Increased residue in valleculae and pyriform sinuses
8
Q
how is the oesophageal phase affected by age
A
- Longer oesophageal transit time on 20mls fluids
- Oesophageal peristalsis reduced
- Decreased distal oesophageal motility
- Intra-oesophageal stasis and reflux
- Oesophagitis (medication/xerostomia-induced)
9
Q
how to cope with ageing swallowing
A
- Good dental care
- Oral hygiene
- Prolonged chewing
- Drink fluids with meals
- Cut up food into smaller bites
