aeging swallowing Flashcards
what is presbyphagia
A disruption to swallow function in the absence of any other underlying disease
what are factors that change swallowing
medication
age
polypharmacy
structural changes
decreased appetite
frailty
medical conditions
what are some structural changes that affect swallowing
change in bone density
chang in muscle bulk (sarcopenia)
dentition
cervical spine
what is sarcopenia
a progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and power, and is regarded as a key component of frailty
how is the oral preparatory phrase altered with age
- Decreased taste
- Increased effort in solid bolus mastication
and manipulation - Decreased smell
- Reduced oral sensation
- Dentition loss
- Hyposalivation (reduced saliva)
- Xerostomia (dry mouth) due to reduced
acinar cells
how is the oral phase changed with age
- decreased tongue strength
- reduced strengthof masticatory muscles
- straw drinking and sequential drinking harder
how is the pharyngeal phase affected by age
- inititation of swallow is slower
- reduced anterior hyoid excursion
- reduced tongue based retraction
- atrophy (muscle wasting) of pharyngeal musculature
- Difficulty with larger bolus volumes
- Increased residue in valleculae and pyriform sinuses
how is the oesophageal phase affected by age
- Longer oesophageal transit time on 20mls fluids
- Oesophageal peristalsis reduced
- Decreased distal oesophageal motility
- Intra-oesophageal stasis and reflux
- Oesophagitis (medication/xerostomia-induced)
how to cope with ageing swallowing
- Good dental care
- Oral hygiene
- Prolonged chewing
- Drink fluids with meals
- Cut up food into smaller bites
what are premature infant subsystems for swallowing
physiological support
motor
state
attention
self-regulatory
