Normal Speech and Language Development

Question 1

Define perlocutionary period and when it occurs.

Answer 1

0-8 months
unintentional expression, interpreted as communicative

Question 2

define illocutionary period

Answer 2

9-12 months
intentional - purposefully communicative, sends intentional messages nonverbally

Question 3

what occurs during perlocutionary period

Answer 3

0-2m reflexive vocalizations (defined by anatomy of child - burping, crying, sneezing)
2-4m cooing (sounds made in back of mouth - coo, goo)
4-6m vocal play (raspberries, growls, CV syllables emerge)
6m+ babbling (reduplicated and then variegated)

Question 4

what occurs during illocutionary period

Answer 4

emergence of speech patterns including jargon, long strings of variegated babbling in sentence like intonation patterns, phonetically consistent forms

Question 5

by 18 months, child should be producing how many words?

Answer 5

50

Question 6

by 2 years, how many words?

Answer 6

200-300 words

Question 7

by 3 years, how many words?

Answer 7

1000

Question 8

by 5 years, how many words?

Answer 8

2,500

Question 9

by 12 years, how many words?

Answer 9

50,000

Question 10

list the expressive milestones for 0-3 months

Answer 10

cries for basic daily needs
coos and smiles

Question 11

list the receptive milestones for 0-3 months

Answer 11

quiets and smiles or startles in response to sound

Question 12

list the receptive milestones for 4-6 months

Answer 12

responds to changes in voice tone
eye contact in direction of sound

Question 13

list the expressive milestones for 4-6 months

Answer 13

laughs/makes sound for emotions
babbling and cooing

Question 14

list the receptive milestones for 7-12 months

Answer 14

recognizes name
comprehends simple words/phrases
looks at objects/people when named

Question 15

list the expressive milestones for 7-12 months

Answer 15

points to objects/shows them to others
simple gestures to communicate
first words around 12 months

Question 16

list the receptive milestones for 1-2 years

Answer 16

follows 1-step directions
understands simple questions
points to named objects/pictures

Question 17

list the expressive milestones for 1-2 years

Answer 17

puts 2 words together
says social words
asks simple wh- questions

Question 18

list the receptive milestones for 2-3 years

Answer 18

follows 2-step directions
understands simple opposites (big/little)
understands most simple sentences

Question 19

list the expressive milestones for 2-3 years

Answer 19

puts up to 3 words together
asks why?
simple prepositions (in, on)

Question 20

list the receptive milestones for 3-4 years

Answer 20

simple concepts - colors, shapes
responds to name from another room
understands simple questions

Question 21

list the expressive milestones for 3-4 years

Answer 21

puts up to 4 words together
asks when and how
simple pronouns and plurals

Question 22

grammatical morphemes included in brown’s stage 2 (age 2-2.5)

Answer 22

present progressive (ing)
in and on
regular plural s

Question 23

grammatical morphemes included in brown’s stage 3 (age 2:6-2:10)

Answer 23

irregular past tense
possessive ‘s
uncontractible copula

Question 24

grammatical morphemes included in browns stage 4 (age 3-3:4)

Answer 24

articles
regular past tense
third person regular present tense

Question 25

grammatical morphemes included in browns stage 5 (age 3:5 and up)

Answer 25

third person irregular
uncontractible auxiliary
contractible copula
contractible auxiliary

Question 26

simple sentence

Answer 26

1 independent clause (stands on its own)

Question 27

compound sentence

Answer 27

consisted of 2 more more independent clauses joined by a conjunction

Question 28

complex sentence

Answer 28

consists of an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses

Question 29

compound-complex sentence

Answer 29

consists of one or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses

Question 30

list wh- questions from easiest to hardest

Answer 30

where
what
who

why
how
when

Question 31

what phonemes are mastered from 1.5-3

Answer 31

p
b
m
n
w
h

Question 32

what phonemes are mastered from 2-4

Answer 32

k
g
d

Question 33

by the age of 3, the following phonological processes should stop

Answer 33

weak syllable deletion
FCD
consonant assimilation
reduplication
fronting
affrication

Question 34

phonological processes that may persist after 3 years of age include:

Answer 34

stopping
deaffrication
cluster reduction
gliding
epenthesis

Question 35

what is prosody?

Answer 35

use of variations in pitch, loudness, and duration to convey emotion, emphasis, and
linguistic information

Question 36

what is speech intelligibility?

Answer 36

degree to which the listener (familiar/unfamiliar) understands the
individual’s speech

Question 37

what is comprehensibility?

Answer 37

degree to which the listener understands the spoken message, given
other information or cues (e.g., topic, semantic context, gestures) to enhance communication

Question 38

social interactionist theorists believe that

Answer 38

Vgyotsky
the structure of human language may have arisen from language’s social communicative function in human relations

• children develop language out of a social desire to communicate as a way of relating with others