Normal Speech and Language Development Flashcards
Define perlocutionary period and when it occurs.
0-8 months
unintentional expression, interpreted as communicative
define illocutionary period
9-12 months
intentional - purposefully communicative, sends intentional messages nonverbally
what occurs during perlocutionary period
0-2m reflexive vocalizations (defined by anatomy of child - burping, crying, sneezing)
2-4m cooing (sounds made in back of mouth - coo, goo)
4-6m vocal play (raspberries, growls, CV syllables emerge)
6m+ babbling (reduplicated and then variegated)
what occurs during illocutionary period
emergence of speech patterns including jargon, long strings of variegated babbling in sentence like intonation patterns, phonetically consistent forms
by 18 months, child should be producing how many words?
50
by 2 years, how many words?
200-300 words
by 3 years, how many words?
1000
by 5 years, how many words?
2,500
by 12 years, how many words?
50,000
list the expressive milestones for 0-3 months
cries for basic daily needs
coos and smiles
list the receptive milestones for 0-3 months
quiets and smiles or startles in response to sound
list the receptive milestones for 4-6 months
responds to changes in voice tone
eye contact in direction of sound
list the expressive milestones for 4-6 months
laughs/makes sound for emotions
babbling and cooing
list the receptive milestones for 7-12 months
recognizes name
comprehends simple words/phrases
looks at objects/people when named
list the expressive milestones for 7-12 months
points to objects/shows them to others
simple gestures to communicate
first words around 12 months
list the receptive milestones for 1-2 years
follows 1-step directions
understands simple questions
points to named objects/pictures
list the expressive milestones for 1-2 years
puts 2 words together
says social words
asks simple wh- questions
list the receptive milestones for 2-3 years
follows 2-step directions
understands simple opposites (big/little)
understands most simple sentences
list the expressive milestones for 2-3 years
puts up to 3 words together
asks why?
simple prepositions (in, on)
list the receptive milestones for 3-4 years
simple concepts - colors, shapes
responds to name from another room
understands simple questions
list the expressive milestones for 3-4 years
puts up to 4 words together
asks when and how
simple pronouns and plurals
grammatical morphemes included in brown’s stage 2 (age 2-2.5)
present progressive (ing)
in and on
regular plural s
grammatical morphemes included in brown’s stage 3 (age 2:6-2:10)
irregular past tense
possessive ‘s
uncontractible copula
grammatical morphemes included in browns stage 4 (age 3-3:4)
articles
regular past tense
third person regular present tense
grammatical morphemes included in browns stage 5 (age 3:5 and up)
third person irregular
uncontractible auxiliary
contractible copula
contractible auxiliary
simple sentence
1 independent clause (stands on its own)
compound sentence
consisted of 2 more more independent clauses joined by a conjunction
complex sentence
consists of an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses
compound-complex sentence
consists of one or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses
list wh- questions from easiest to hardest
where
what
who
why
how
when
what phonemes are mastered from 1.5-3
p
b
m
n
w
h
what phonemes are mastered from 2-4
k
g
d
by the age of 3, the following phonological processes should stop
weak syllable deletion
FCD
consonant assimilation
reduplication
fronting
affrication
phonological processes that may persist after 3 years of age include:
stopping
deaffrication
cluster reduction
gliding
epenthesis
what is prosody?
use of variations in pitch, loudness, and duration to convey emotion, emphasis, and
linguistic information
what is speech intelligibility?
degree to which the listener (familiar/unfamiliar) understands the
individual’s speech
what is comprehensibility?
degree to which the listener understands the spoken message, given
other information or cues (e.g., topic, semantic context, gestures) to enhance communication
social interactionist theorists believe that
Vgyotsky
the structure of human language may have arisen from language’s social communicative function in human relations
- children develop language out of a social desire to communicate as a way of relating with others
