Motor Speech disorders

Question 1

define dysarthria

Answer 1

neurogenic speech disorder characterized by abnormalities in strength, speed, range, steadiness, ton, or accuracy of movements required for all aspects of speech production (breathing, phonation, resonance, articulation, prosody)

Question 2

define apraxia of speech

Answer 2

motor speech disorder characterized by disturbance in motor planning or programming of sequential movement for volitional speech production

Question 3

List the distinguishing features of flaccid dysarthria (LMN)

Answer 3

breathiness
hypernasality
imprecise AMR
stridor

weakness
atrophy
fasciculations
flaccidity

Question 4

list the distinguishing features of spastic dysarthria (bilateral UMN)

Answer 4

slow rate
strained/harsh vocal quality
slow and regular AMR

pathologic oral reflex (sucking, snout, jaw jerk)
hypertonia
hyperactive gag reflex

Question 5

list the distinguishing features of ataxic dysarthria (cerebellar control circuit)

Answer 5

irregular articulatory breakdowns
excess and equal stress
distorted vowels
irregular AMR

head tremor

Question 6

list the distinguishing features of hypokinetic dysarthria (basal ganglia control circuit)

Answer 6

monopitch
monoloudness
inappropriate silences

masked facial expression
resting tremor

Question 7

list the distinguishing features of hyperkinetic dysarthria (basal ganglia control circuit)

Answer 7

transient breathiness
prolonged intervals
voice tremor
distorted vowels

motor tics
facial grimacing during speech

Question 8

list the distinguishing features of UUMN dysarthria

Answer 8

slow rate
imprecise articulation
irregular articulatory breakdowns
strained voice quality
reduced loudness

unilateral lower face weakness
unilateral lingual weakness
nonverbal oral apraxia

Question 9

What are common neurologic conditions that are associated with dysarthria.

Answer 9

stroke
TBI
parkinson’s
MS
ALS