normal microbial flora Flashcards
name some normal aerobic/facultative mouth flora
- viridans streptococci
- neisseria
- diphtheroids (corynebacterium)
- Staph epidermidis
what are some important reasons for normal flora?
- protective host defense mechanism by interfering with colonization of pathogenic bacteria
- nutritional function, produce B12 and vitamin K
- bacterial overgrowth in small intestine can lead to fat malabsorption and B12 deficiency
viridans streptococci #s
10^6 - most prevalent bacteria in mouth
viridans streptococci are the most common cause of:
subacute bacterial endocarditis
what is dextran?
polysaccharide product from sugar digestion by V. streptococci. ingredient in dental plaque
viridans strepcocci - shape and gram stain
gram positive cocci
neisseria - shape and gram stain
gram negative diplococci
neisseria #s
second most prevalent in mouth
neisseria can cause:
N. meningitides can cause meningitis - rare
what are diphtheroids?
corynebacterium species which are not C. diphtheriae
diphtheroids - shape and gram stain
pleomorphic gram positive rods
S. epidermidis - shape and gram stain
gram positive cocci - grape clusters
what are S. epidermidis and diphtheroids both known for?
They are the two most common contaminants of blood cultures
Eikenella corrodens?
normal mouth flora associated with human bites and clenched fist injuries
name some normal anaerobic mouth flora
- fusobacterium
- prevotella
- anaerobic streptococci
- actinomyces