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CPR Exam 1 > Normal EKGs > Flashcards

Normal EKGs Flashcards

1
Q

In which leads is the P wave upright?

A

1, 2, V4-6 and AVF

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2
Q

In which lead is the P wave inverted in?

A

AVR

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3
Q

In which leads will the P wave be variable?

A

3, AVL and other chest leads

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4
Q

What is the PR interval?

A

Beginning of P wave to beginning of QRS complex

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5
Q

What is the normal time from SA node to ventricular muscle fiber (PR interval)?

A

.12-.20 seconds

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6
Q

Describe the QRS complex

A

Ventricular depolarization
0.05-0.10 seconds
Q wave shouldn’t be more than 0.03 sec in width

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7
Q

1-2mm is normal for the QRS complex in which leads?

A

1, AVL, AVF, V5 and V6

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8
Q

Describe the ST segment

A

Normally isoelectric
Normally elevated not more than 1mm in standard leads and 2mm in chest leads
Never normally depressed more than 1/2 mm

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9
Q

What is an ST segment depression indicative of?

A

Subendocardial

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10
Q

What is an ST segment elevation indicative of?

A

Subepicardial or transmural injury or ischemia

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11
Q

The T wave is upright in which leads?

A

1, 2, V3-6

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12
Q

The T wave is inverted in which leads?

A

AVR

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13
Q

The T wave is variable in which leads?

A

3, AVL, AVF, V1-2

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14
Q

What is the shape of the T wave?

A

Slightly rounded and asymmetrical

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15
Q

What is the height of the T wave?

A

Not greater than 5mm in standard leads

Not greater than 10mm in precordial leads

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16
Q

What is the QT duration (interval)?

A

Length of ventricular systole

17
Q

Variations of the QT interval can be indicative of which pathologies?

A

Myocardial ischemia, injury or infarction

18
Q

An ischemic pattern is associated with what?

A

Inverted T waves

19
Q

Tall upright T waves are indicative of what?

A

Hyperkalemia

20
Q

U wave is indicative of what?

A

Hypokalemia

21
Q

If there is no AV block how long should the PR interval be?

A

<0.2 seconds

22
Q

If there is no bundle branch block how long should the QRS complex be?

A

<0.12 seconds

23
Q

How can you tell when there is sinus rhythm?

A

Is there a p wave before every QRS complex and vice versa?

24
Q

What are the best leads for reading P waves?

A

Leads II and V1

25
Q

What is tachycardia?

A

HR >100

26
Q

What is bradycardia?

A

HR <60

27
Q

What rhythms have a P wave that follows QRS?

A

SVT (AV nodal re-entry tachycardia)

Junctional rhythm

28
Q

If there are no P waves what is this indicative of?

A

A fib, atrial flutter, junctional or ventricular escape rhythms, junctional tachycardia, VT

29
Q

What is a normal axis?

A

Positive deflection in leads I and AVF

30
Q

What is a left axis?

A

Positive in lead i and negative in AVF

31
Q

What is a right axis?

A

Negative in lead I and positive in AVF

CPR Exam 1 (14 decks)

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