non-substance addiction

Question 1

what is non substance addiction

Answer 1

repetitive persistent behaviours resulting in significant harm or distress that causes functional impairment

Question 2

what was gambling addiction classified as in DSM 3-4

Answer 2

pathological gambling - an impulse control disorder

Question 3

what changes were made in DSM-5

Answer 3

new category added: non-sustance related disorder. reclassified pathological gambling to gambling disorder
conditions for further study added containing internet gaming disorder

Question 4

criteria for gambling disorder

Answer 4

preoccupation, increased amount, withdrawal, escape from stress, chasing losses, lying, failure to cease, risk relationships, bailout

Question 5

what is the confirmatory 3 step approach to pathologizing a behaviour

Answer 5

1. anecdotal obs
2. screening instrument developed
3. identify risk factors which play a role

Question 6

what does the confirmatory 3 step approach ignore??

Answer 6

functional impairment of the behaviour
stability of dysfunctional behaviours (transience and context specificity - is it a passing fad or does it extend over time)

Question 7

define gambling

Answer 7

Risking an item of value on the outcome of an event determined by chance for a personal gain

Question 8

what is problem gambling

Answer 8

personal social harms resulting from gambling but don’t meet the full criteria

Question 9

what is the cognitive behaviour model of gambling disorder

Answer 9

cognitive:
- biased interpretations and erroneous beliefs
behavioural
- early experiences and reinforcement schedules

Question 10

whats the psychodynamic explanation of gambling

Answer 10

psychic self punishment for unresolved oedipal complexes

Question 11

gamblers fallacy

Answer 11

if you have a streak of losing a win is due so they continue gambling until the win occurs

Question 12

what occurs neurologically during gambling

Answer 12

• Increase in excitement with limbic structures and dopamine reducing executive functioning so bad decisions are made.

Question 13

3 pathways in Pathway Model?

Answer 13

1: symptoms are outcomes of gambling - lose and chase money
2: gambling is coping mechanism, dissociation, escape, gambling caused by substance use
3: deficits in reward pathways. impulsive person

Question 14

what is the motivation for Pathway 1

Answer 14

to win.

no psychopathology predating the gambling

Question 15

how do people end up gambling in Pathway 2

Answer 15

childhood disturbances, personality factors, life events

Question 16

why do people gamble in pathway 2

Answer 16

negative reinforcement
to escape
gamble with money not for money

Question 17

what does someone in pathway 3 look like

Answer 17

impulsive, displays anti-social behaviour, early onset, poor in school, family instability