Non-STI related infections Flashcards
What is bacterial vaginosis?
A disease of the vagina caused by excessive overgrowth
Why does bacterial vaginosis occur?
Due to an overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria, geintal mycoplasma and gardnerella vaginalis. Lactobacilli are reduced
What are symptoms of BV?
Asymptomatic in 50%, or:
- Thin, white, fishy smelling vaginal discharge
- No itching
- No soreness
What are signs of bacterial vaginosis?
Thin homogenous discharge
How would you investigate someone with suspected BV?
- Clinical history and examination
- Gram staining of vaginal flora
What might you see on gram staining of swabs from someone with suspected BV?
- Depletion of lactobacill
- Mixed organisms
- Clue cells
What will the vaginal pH be in someone with BV?
>4.5
What are clue cells?
Clue cells are vaginal squamous epithelial cells coated with the anaerobic gram-variable coccobacilli Gardnerella vaginalis and other anaerobic bacteria causing bacterial vaginosis.
What can give a raised vaginal pH?
- Menses
- Semen
- T. vaginalis
How would you manage someone with BV?
- Metranidazole Oral/PV
- Clindamycin PV
Is BV a sexually transmitted disease?
No
What are complications of BV?
- Associated with endometritis if uterine instrumentation / delivery
- Associated with premature labour
- Increases risk of HIV acquisition
What are the causative organisms implicated in genital candidiasis?
90% caused by
- Candida Albicans
- Candida Glabrata
How does genital candidiasis present?
- Genital itch
- Burning
- Cottage cheese like discharge
- Dyspareunia
What are signs of genital candidiasis?
- Fissuring
- Erythema with satellite lesions
- Characterisitc discharge - cottage cheese
What is the following?
Zoon’s balanitis - chronic inflammation secondary to overgrowth of commensal organisms plus foreskin malfunction
