Non-pregnant Reroductive Tract 1: Comparative gross anatomy of the ovary Flashcards
What is a gonad
Primary reproductive organ of body
responsible for:
-production of gametes; eggs in female repro tract and sperm in male repro tract
-secretion of hormones
Name the structures of female repro. Tract looking at diagram
On anki!
What structures does the gonad consist of
Ovaries
Ovarian bursa
Uterine tube
What structures does the uterus consist of?
Uterine Cornu (horns)
Uterine body
Cervix
Main FUNCTIONS OF THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE TRACT
Split into sections of:
-Oestrous cycle
-Pregnancy
Wha are the responsibilities/functions of female reproductive tract during oestrous cycle
• Attract a mate
• Accommodate penis
• Transport semen from cervix to uterine tube
• Produce ova (egg)
• Transport ova from ovary to uterine tube
• Clear debris from uterus
• Repel mate!
• Prepare for pregnancy
Functions/responsibilities of female reproductive tract during pregnancy
• Support & nourish embryo
• Contain & support developing foetus
• expel foetus at parturition
• clear out debris
Most functions of repro tract controlled by…
Hormonal changes
Main functions of ovary
-Ova (ovum)/eggs development & release
-Hormone production & release
Ovary sizes are species specific. What are the sizes of these species:
-bitch
-cow
-sow
-mare
- 1-2cm
- 42.51.5cm
- 5cm long
- Up to 10cm
What is shape of ovary?
Oval or ellipsoid
Which ovary belongs to which animal?
Anki cards
What are the 3 regions of the ovary and their positioning/functions
- Hilus—>
-attachment site for supporting structures
-Entry of blood vessels to vascular area - Vascular zone—> usually central
- Parenchymal zone—>
-Usually peripheral
-responsible for development of eggs
-Ova & hormone production
-ova released through surface of ovary
What is different abut the structure of the mare ovary
-Regions reversed;
Vascular zone is peripheral
Parenchymal zone is central
-Have a broad hilus
-More kidney/bean shaped
-there is a central depression at tip; violation occurs from here
What is the little depression at tip of mare ovary. Called?
Ovulation fossa (ovulation occurs from here as can’t through vascular zone)
Name the ways we can examine the ovary
Transrectal palpation:
• Mare and cow
-quit subjective on personal skill with this one
Ultrasound examination:
• Transrectal in large species
• More accurate than palpation
• much more Objective rather than subjective
• Transabdominal in small species
• Eg. Bitch
• Less information due to size
In Ultrasound of ovary
-fluid appears…
-soft tissue appears…
Anechoic (black)
Echogenic (grey)
What do the follicles contain
-are they palpable/visible on US?
Each contains 1 ovum/egg
-they are microscopic so no duh
Follicles go through various stages. Name each follicle stage name and what happens in each
1.Vesicular-> fluid starts accumulating and eggs surrounded by fluid filled space
2.Pre-ovulatory follicle-> just before Ovulation occurs
3.if ovulation doesn’t happen-> follicles start regressing and become Atretic; get destroyed
Follicles develop in which sections of ovary?
Parenchymal zone
What happens to the follicles as they start developing in Parenchymal zone?
-exception
Start bulging out of surface of ovary (exception; mare- only bulge out in ovulation fossa area)
what is the primary hormone being produced by the follicles
Oestrogen
What impact does production of oestrogen and its entrance into circulation have on animal
-Behavioural changes of animal in order to attract mate
-physical changes to tract; in order to ensure. Tract is ready for mating and pregnancy
Many follicles are developing all at once, however do al of them become pre-ovulatoray follicles?
Nope, number of them is species specific however most of them will regress and get destroyed
