non-mendelian inheritance

Question 1

what is extranuclear inheritance?

Answer 1

this is an inheritance pattern that occurs OUTSIDE of the nucleus

Question 2

Examples of extranuclear inheritance?

Answer 2

mitochondria
and
chloroplast

Question 3

where is the genetic material of mitochondria and chloroplasts stored?

Answer 3

the nucleoid

Question 4

where is the chromosome in a bacterial cell?

Answer 4

nucleoid

Question 5

what is the main function of mitochondria?

Answer 5

oxidative phosphorylation

Question 6

where are proteins made in then transported to the mitochondria?

Answer 6

cytoplasm

Question 7

what is the main function of chloroplasts?

Answer 7

photosynthesis

Question 8

what is the DNA of mitochondria and chloroplasts?

Answer 8

human mitochondria: mtDNA
chloroplasts: cpDNA

Question 9

how many base pairs in each?

Answer 9

chloroplasts: 156,000
mitochondria: 17,000

Question 10

similarities and differences:

Answer 10

they both require rRNA and tRNA genes.
Mitochondria needs and usess 13 polypeptides for oxidative phosphorylation and
chloroplasts uses many for photosynthesis
-most of their proteins are encoded by genes in the nucleus

Question 11

what is the transmission of mitochondria in mammals?

Answer 11

Maternal inheritance (via the cytoplasm of the egg)

Question 12

what did chloroplasts and mitochondria originate from?

Answer 12

chloroplasts: cyanobacterium
mitochondria: gram-negative purple bacteria