Non-ischemic Heart Diease Flashcards
Pericarditis
Inflammation of the pericardium, commonly caused by virus illness
Pts complain about chest pain and May state pain improves if they lean forward
Myocarditis
Inflammation of the heart muscle
Caused by: viral, drugs, toxins, bacteria, immune mediated responses
Clinical manifestations: SOB, tachy, chest pain, murmur, pericardial rub, febrile, malaise
Management of pericarditis
NSAIDS Rest Treat arrhythmias Observe for potential intervention for pericardial effusion Febrile Immunosuppression On anticoagulants
Management of myocarditis
Pt can present with Cardiogenic shock O2 where indicated Treatment of cardiac failure Analgesia Inotrope support if indicated ACE inhibitors Treat arrhythmias
Endocarditis
Inflammation of the endocardium that tends to primarily affect the valves.
Acute: develops over days to weeks
Sub acute: weeks to months
Causes: Bacteria, viruses, fungi
Valves
Tricuspid on right
Mitral on left
Valve disorders
Are classified as regurgitation or stenosis
Pts will frequently have a cardiac murmur
Stenosis: a problem with the valves opening (don’t open fully)
Regurgitation: closing problem, valves don’t close all the way causing back leak
Signs and symptoms: fatigue, SOB, swelling of the extremities
Assessment findings aortic stenosis
Crescendo - decrescendo murmur Risk of HF, syncope, chest pain, angina, haemoglibinuria Pulmonary oedema Hypoxia Tachycardia Hypotension
Assessment findings aortic regurgitation
Early decrescendo diastolic murmur Increased systolic BP Large pulse pressure Bounding radial pulse Pulmonary oedema Hypoxia Tachycardia Chest pain
Management for endocarditis
IVAB’s benpen, fluclox, gentamicin
3 x sets of blood cultures.
Manage: arrhythmias, HF leading to pulmonary oedema, MI, pericarditis
Abnormalities ECG findings for pericarditis
Wide spread concave ST elevation
PR depression throughout most leads
ST depression may be present in aVR
Sinus tachycardia
