NIV

Question 1

Indication for NIV

Answer 1

Acute respiratory failure with potential reversal in hours to days
The need for respiratory support
Mod/severe respiratory distress
Increased RR
Use of accessory muscles
Arterial blood has showing respiratory acidosis

Question 2

Advantages of NIV

Answer 2

Non invasive
Increases alveoli ventilation and reduces WOB
Gas exchange is enhanced - splints open collapsed alveoli
Reduces need to invasive intubation
Improves pt comfort
Reduces the need for sedation

Question 3

Contraindications of NIV

Answer 3

Haemodynamic instability 
MI/ unstable angina 
Unable to protect own airway 
Copious amounts of secretions 
Agitated, uncooperative, reduce LOC
Recent gastrointestinal or upper airway surgery 
Difficultly fitting mask

Question 4

Adverse effects of NIV

Answer 4

Alters cardiac load reducing CO - decreased venous return
Pressure sores
Barotrauma
Mucosal drying
Decreased urine output/ decreased renal blood flow

Question 5

Define PEEP

Answer 5

Is the pressure that remains in the circuit during the pts expiratory phase. This splints the airways open resulting in improved gas exchange