Non-Invasive Ventilation vs CPAP Flashcards
Contraindications - 4
Why is a CXR done before this is put in place?
Respiratory arrest
Unprotected airway
Medically unstable (e.g. hypotensive shock)
Excess secretions/vomiting - risk of aspiration
To look for a pneumothorax which is CI - chest drain inserted if this is the case before NIV.
Definitions:
What is positive airway pressure?
What is recruitment?
Air is forced into the lungs down the pressure gradient.
Pressure outside the lungs > than pressure inside
Where bronchioles and alveoli that would normally collapse at the end of expiration are kept open.
Means less energy is required to breathe and there is increased SA for gas exchange.
CPAP:
What does it stand for?
How does it work?
Why is it used in Type 1 resp failure?
Why is it used in the obstructive sleep apnoea?
Continuous positive airway pressure
The continuous airway pressure keeps the airway open to improve oxygenation in hypoxic patients. - IT IS NOT A FORM OF VENTILATION.
It opens up the fluid=filled alveoli - HF, pneumonia, ARDS.
It opens up the collapsed pharynx.
BiPAP IS ANOTHER NAME FOR NIV:
What does BiPAP stand for?
What are the 2 phases of the pressure it supples?
Why is it used in type 2 resp failure?
What other diseases may cause type 2 resp failure?
Biphasic positive airway pressure
Expiratory +ve airway pressure
Then EVEN HIGHER inspiratory +ve airway pressure
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It basically ventilates the lungs so it helps the hypoventilation that causes hypercapnia.
COPD
Neuromuscular disease
Chest wall disease
