Non-Food Zoonoses - Companion Flashcards

1
Q

Define zoonosis

A

Dsieases transmitted naturally between vertebrate animals and humans

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2
Q

Define carrier status

A

Pathogens isolated from animal/human without causing clinical sings of disease in the host

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3
Q

Define reservoir

A

spread of a n orgnaism within the reservoir host to maintain the pathogen indefintiely

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4
Q

Define colonised host

A

No clinical signs on host but microbes can multiply on the host (longitudinal sampling required to prive this)

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5
Q

Give examples of zoonoses in companion animal practice

A
  • rabies
  • salmonellosis
  • brucellosis
  • multi resistant bacteria (MRSA, TB)
  • worms
  • pasterellosis
  • toxaplasmosis
  • leptospriosis
  • psittacosis
  • fleas
  • cheyletiellosis
  • sarcoptic mange (fox mange)
  • dernatophytosis (rinworm)
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6
Q

Which drugs are clinically relevant multi-drug resistant pathogens in human medicine?

A
E - enterococcus feacium
S - S aureus and s intermedius
K - Klebsiella  pnumonia 
A - Actintoobacter baumannii (+ other spp)
P - Psudomonas aeruginosa 
E - Enterbacter spp
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7
Q

Which two forms of methicillin-resistant staphlococci exist? Which specific drugs are they resistnet to?

A

> MRSA (s. aureus)
- human hospital, community and livestock associated
- broad B-lactam and fluoroquinolone resistnance
- reverse zoonotic transmission (spill over into pet population)
MRSP (pseudintermedius)
- dog adapted
- vet nosocomial pathogen
- highly drug resistant

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8
Q

What are the implications of MRSA in smallies practice ?

A
  • most infections can be treated successfully

- better adapted to humans so ^ risk of human spread

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9
Q

Give 2 examples of exotic pet linked disease

A
  • Salmonella in reptiles (3-5% of all salmonellosis in USA)

- Fish tank granuloma mycobacterium marium

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10
Q

Give 3 responsibilities of the vet

A
  1. early suspicion and correct diagnosis (lab tests)
  2. Client communication
  3. prevention of spread
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11
Q

How long can different bacteria survive on dry surfaces?

A
  • G+ = months
  • G- = months
  • Pseudomonas aeroguinosa 1 month
  • Spor forming = months
  • Staph > 12 months
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12
Q

What is the protocol for isolation?

A

Traffic-light system

  • red: must be isolated unless unstable
  • amber: barrier nurse, await virology/microbiology
  • green: no isolation needed
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13
Q

What are the risk factors for multi-drug resistence?

A
  • age
  • disease and severity of illness
  • inter-institutional transfer
  • prolonged hosptialisation
  • GI sx or transplant
  • invasive devices eg. central venous catheters
  • antimicrobial
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14
Q

Give examples of non zoonotic parasites

A
  • human head louse

- guinae pig louse

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