Non-essential Amino Acid Biosynthesis Flashcards
All amino acids can be synthesized from intermediates in
1) Glycolysis
2) Pentose Phosphate Pathway
3) Citric Acid Cycle
**True for most bacteria and plants
What are the 4 common intermediates non-essential amino acids are synthesized from
1) 3-phosphoglycerate (glycolysis)
2) Pyruvate (glycolysis)
3) α-ketoglutarate (TCA cycle)
4) Oxaloacetate (TCA cycle)
Name the non-essential amino acids are synthesized from 4 common intermediates:
What 3 of the main 4 intermiades are keto acids used in trasnamination reactions
1) Pyruvate
2) α-ketoglutarate
3) Oxaloacetate
T or F: Single transamination rxns can convert keto acids into amino acids
True (eg. alanine transaminase converts pyruvate to alanine)
Transamination of aspartate and glutamate
Asparagine synthesis
Asparagine synthetase catalyzes amidation reaction of Aspartate to form Asparagine.
Glutamine Synthesis
Glutamine synthetase catalyzes amidation reaction of glutamate to form glutamine.
Serine biosynthesis from 3-phosphoglycerate
Glycine is produced from
Serine (produced from 3-phosphoglycerate)
*An hydroxymethyl is removed from serine and transferred to H4 folate (tetrahydrofolate, THF
Glycine is produced from
Serine (produced from 3-phosphoglycerate)
*An hydroxymethyl is removed from serine and transferred to H4 folate (tetrahydrofolate, THF
Cysteine is synthesized from
Cysteine synthesis from homocysteine and serine using Cystathione β-synthase and Cystathione γ-lyase
T or F: Cysteine is a semi-essential amino acid
True, because we need to get methionine from diet
Proline and arginine are synthesized from
Glutamate
Proline biosynthesis process
Arginine biosynthesis process
