Fatty acid synthesis (Very long FA's and desaturated)

Question 1

Fatty acid synthesis activity usually forms what molecule

Answer 1

the synthesis of palmitate (C16:0)

Question 2

In eukaryotic cells elongation occurs in both the

Answer 2

1. cytoplasm
2. endoplasmic reticulum

Question 3

Elongation of long (C16-20) and very long (>C20) FA’s is observed in the

Answer 3

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 4

Fatty acid elongation in the ER (for long chains) involves

Answer 4

Malonyl-CoA and is performed by separate enzymes on the cytoplasmic face of the ER (not just by one enzyme like the short chains)

Question 5

Characteristics of fatty acid desaturases

Answer 5

1) Catalyze the production of mono- and poly unsaturated FAs.
2) Different desaturases exhibit Δ9, Δ6 and Δ5 activities.

Question 6

2 types of desaturases

Answer 6

Stearoyl-CoA desaturases (SCDs) and fatty acid desaturases (FADS).

NOTE: They exhibit the same function

Question 7

The first cis-double bond is always introduced where by desaturases (Stearoyl-CoA desaturase)

Answer 7

between carbon 9 and 10 (delat 9)

Question 8

Fatty acid desaturation process

Answer 8

Question 9

Fatty acid desaturation means

Answer 9

Adding a double bond in a fatty acid chain

Question 10

Additional double bonds after delta 9 occurs happens where?

Answer 10

delta 6 and delta 5

Question 11

Since humans cant introduce double bonds in fatty acid chains beyond delta 9 carbon, what can we do?

Answer 11

intake fatty aciods with double bonds that extend and modify fatty acid chains from DIET