non communicable diseases

Question 1

risk factors for increased rate of disease

Answer 1

age
genetic make up
aspects of lifestyle e.g. diet, inhaling carcinogens
environmental factors e.g. ionising radiation

Question 2

benign tumor

Answer 2

grows in one place although doesn’t invade other tissue it still is dangerous

Question 3

malignant tumor

Answer 3

cells can spread to healthy tissue- cancer

Question 4

causes of cancer

Answer 4

genetic factors e.g. breast factors
mutation in genes caused by carcinogens
ionising radiation e.g. sunbeds
virus infections

Question 5

what does tobacco smoke contain

Answer 5

nicotine- addictive
carbon monoxide- toxic gas
tar- sticky black substance that accumulates in the lungs
chemicals that anaesthetise the cilia in the airways

Question 6

problems caused by smoking

Answer 6

blood carries less oxygen- breathlessness
mucus builds up in airways containing dirt & pathogens
bronchitis
tar can damage alveoli
can cause cancer

Question 7

what can obesity lead to

Answer 7

type 2 diabetes
high blood pressure
heart disease

Question 8

why does regular exercise reduce your risk of developing cardiovascular disease

Answer 8

improves the blood supply to heart so heart is fitter
builds muscles tissue, which increase your metabolic rate so less likely to be overweight
lowers blood cholesterol levels which reduces fatty deposits in blood vessels

Question 9

why is alcohol bad

Answer 9

enters the blood stream and goes to all parts of the body including brain and liver
affects the nervous system
heavy drinking can cause liver to become damaged
long term alcohol abuse can cause damage to the brain