Nomenculture

Question 1

Give the functional group for a carboxylate salt

And suffix

Answer 1

COO- (NA+)

-anoate

I.e. Sodium methanoate

Question 2

Give the functional group of an acyl chloride and suffix

Answer 2

COCL

-anoyl chloride

Ethanoyl chloride

Question 3

Give the functional group of an acid an hydride and suffix

Answer 3

O=COOC=O

-anoic anhydride

Question 4

Give the functional group of an amide and suffix

Answer 4

CONH2

-anamide

Propanamide

Question 5

Give the functional group of an ester and suffix

Answer 5

C=O-O–R

Anoate

Methyl methanoate

Question 6

Give the functional group for an N-Substituted amide and suffix

Answer 6

C=ONHR

( compound only attaches to N )

-anamide

N-ethyl ethanamide

Question 7

Give the functional group for a primary amine and sufffix

Answer 7

R-NH2

Amino

Question 8

Give the functional group of secondary amine

Answer 8

R-NH-R

Question 9

Give the functional group of tertiary amine

Answer 9

3R-N

Question 10

Give the functional group of a Alkyl ammonium salt

Answer 10

[—N+–]. Cl-

Methylethylammonium chloride

Question 11

How are secondary and tertiary amines named

Answer 11

By using an N-alkyl prefix to show what the shorter chain is and the longer chain followed by suffix ane

N-methylamino ethane

Question 12

What name is given to the alcohol group when the functional group is an alcohol is paired with a nitrile or anything with a C=o

Answer 12

Prefix- hydroxy

2-hydroxypropanic acid

Question 13

What is structurally isomerism

Answer 13

When compounds have the same molecular formula but are arranged different

Question 14

What are the two types of isomerism

Answer 14

Structural and steroisomerism

Question 15

What are the 3 types of structural isomerism

Answer 15

Chain
Positional
Functional group

Question 16

What is positional isomerism

Answer 16

Same molecular formula but functional groups are in different positions on the carbon chain

Question 17

What is chain isomerism

Answer 17

Same molecular formula but the order of the carbon chain is different

Question 18

What is functional isomerism

Answer 18

Same molecular formula but contain different functional groups

I.e. Carboxylic acid and esters CnH2n O2

Question 19

What groups show functional isomerism

Answer 19

Alkenes and cycloalkanes
Carboxylic acids and ester

Ketone and aldehyde
Alcohols and ethers

Question 20

What is steroisomerism

Answer 20

The same molecular formula but atoms are arranged differently in space

Question 21

What are the two types of steroisomerism

Answer 21

Geometrical

Optical isomerism

Question 22

When does geometrical isomerism occur

Answer 22

In an alkenes when both carbon atoms are attached two different Groups

Question 23

What are the two types of geometrical isomerism and how do they differ

Answer 23

Z same side

E- different sides

Question 24

What is chirality in a molecule

Answer 24

When a carbon atom is attached to 4 different groups

Question 25

What are optical isomers

Answer 25

When there are two non superimposable mirror images (enantiomers)