Acylation Flashcards

1
Q

What is the functional group of an acyl chloride

A

COCL

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2
Q

Give the functional group of an acid anhydride

A

(OC)2O

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3
Q

What mechanisms did acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides undergo and what is the reaction called

A

Nucleophillic addition elimination

Acylation

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4
Q

What four compounds undergo acylation with acid derivatives

A

Water
Ammonia
Alcohol
Primary amine

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5
Q

What products are produced when acyl chlorides reacts with water and give the equation

A

R-COCL+H20->R-COOH+HCL

A carboxylic and HCL are produced

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6
Q

What is the organic product produced when acyl chlorides react with ammonia and give the equation

A

R-COCL+NH3->R-CONH2+HCL

An amide is produced

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7
Q

Give the equation when there’s excess ammonia and its reacted with the acyl chlorides

A

R-COCL+2NH3->R-CONH2+NH4CL

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8
Q

What is the organic product produced when acyl chlorides react with alcohols and give the equation

A

An ester is produced

R-COCL+R2-OH->R1-COOR2+HCL

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9
Q

What is the organic product produced when acyl chlorides react with primary amines and give the equation

A

An N-substituted amide is produced

R1-COCL +R2-NH2->R1-CONHR2+HCL

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10
Q

What is meant by an N substituted amide

A

When it’s only attached to the N-substituted amide

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11
Q

Give the equation when left over amine is reacted with HCL

A

R1-COCL+2R2-NH2->R1-CONHR2+R2-NH3-CL

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12
Q

Why are reactions with acid anhydrides preferred than with acyl chloride

A

The reactions are easier to control

They don’t produce toxic gas either

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13
Q

Why tho are reactions with acyl chlorides better

A

They are faster reactions

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14
Q

What organic products produced when acid anhydrides are reacted with water and give the equations

A

Two carboxylic acids are produced

R1-(CO)2O-R2+H20->R1-Cooh+R2-COoh

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15
Q

What organic products are produced when acid anhydrides are reacted with primary amides and give the equations

A

R1-COOCO-R2+NH3->R1-CONH2+R2-COOH

An amide and carboxylic acid are produced

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16
Q

What organic product is produced when acid anhydrides are reacted with alcohols and give the equations

A

R1-COOCO-R2+R3-OH->R1-COO-R3+R2-COOH

A carboxylic and an Ester is produced

17
Q

What is the organic product produced when acid anhydrides are reacted with primary amines and give the equations

A

N-Substitued amides and carboxylic acids are produced

R1-COOCO-R2+R3-NH2->R1-CONH-R3+ R2-COOH

18
Q

How is aspirin produced

A

2-Hydroxybenzoic acid is reacted with either ethanoic acid,ethanoyl chloride or ethanoic anhydride Under heat and reflux

19
Q

Why is Ethanoic anhydride used in the reaction with 2-hydroxybenzoic acid

A

As it’s reasonably fast but it doesn’t produce toxic fumes