Nomenclature Flashcards
Define Saturated
Only single bonds between carbons
Define Unsaturated
Contains C=C double bond
What does -ane mean?
or -an-
The molecule is an alkane
What does meth mean?
1 carbon in the chain
What does eth mean?
2 carbon in the chain
What does prop mean?
3 carbon in the chain
What does but- mean?
4 carbon in the chain
What does pent- mean?
5 carbon in the chain
What does hex mean?
6 carbon in the chain
What does -al mean?
Contains an aldehyde
R is any carbon chain and the C in the C=O is included in the longest chain
What does -one mean?
The chemical contains a ketone group
No H attached to the C
What does -oic acid mean?
There’s a carboxylic acid present
What does -nitrile mean?
It’s a nitrile functional group
C with a nitrile are carbon 1
What does -amine or amino- mean?
There’s an amine present
What does N-Alkyl mean?
That the amine/amide nitrogen is connected to the alkyl chain as well
What does a name containing -yl and -oate mean?
e.g. ethyl ethanoate
There’s an ester present, the C=O chain length is described by the part of the name that ends oate(R in diagram), the chain legnth attached to the single bonded O is described in the -yl part of the name (R’ in diagram)
ethyl ethanoate is CH3CH2OCOCH3
What does -oyl chloride mean?
The chain has an acyl chloride group in it, these are automatically numbered carbon 1. They are Cl-C=O
What does -amide mean?
The there is a C=O attached to an N, can be N-substituted
What does -oic anhydride mean?
The compound is an acid anhydride, they’re two of the same carboxylic acid condensed together to form a symmetrical molecule with the fuctnional group below.
The total number of carbons in the molecule is double the number shown in the name
