Nomenclature Flashcards
alternative alkyl substituent:
t-butyl
alternative alkyl substituent:
isopropyl
alternative alkyl substituent:
sec-butyl
alternative alkyl substituent:
isobutyl
alternative alkyl substituent:
neopentyl
name
if highest priority: ____
if not highest priority: ____
two groups: ____
alcohol
if highest priority: -ol
if not highest priority: hydroxy-
two groups: -diol
IUPAC:
common:
IUPAC: ethanol
common: ethyl alcohol
IUPAC:
common:
IUPAC: 2-propanol
common: isopropyl alcohol
name
if not highest priority: ____
two types: ____ and ____
carbonyl
if not highest priority: oxo-
two types: aldehydes and ketones
name
if highest priority: ____
aldehyde
if highest priority: -al
IUPAC:
common:
IUPAC: methanal
common: formaldehyde
IUPAC:
common:
IUPAC: ethanal
common: acetaldehyde
IUPAC:
common:
IUPAC: propanal
common: propionaldehyde
name
if highest priority:
ketone
if highest priority: -one
IUPAC:
common:
IUPAC: 2-propanone
common: acetone
name
if highest priority: ____
derivatives include: ____
carboxylic acid
if highest priority: -oic acid
derivatives include: esters, amides, and anhydrides
IUPAC:
common:
IUPAC: methanoic acid
common: formic acid
IUPAC:
common:
IUPAC: ethanoic acid
common: acetic acid
IUPAC:
common:
IUPAC: propanoic acid
common: propionic acid
name if highest priority: \_\_\_\_ hydroxyl replaced by: \_\_\_\_ naming: first term = \_\_\_\_ second term = \_\_\_\_
ester if highest priority: -oate hydroxyl replaced by: alkoxy group naming: first term = R group second term = parent acid
IUPAC:
IUPAC: ethyl propanoate
name if highest priority: \_\_\_\_ hydroxyl replaced by: \_\_\_\_ naming: first term = \_\_\_\_ second term = \_\_\_\_
amide if highest priority: -amide hydroxyl replaced by: amino group naming: first term = R group on nitrogen labeled with N- second term = parent acid
IUPAC:
IUPAC: N-methylethanamide
name if highest priority: \_\_\_\_ hydroxyl replaced by: \_\_\_\_ naming: if same carboxylic acid = \_\_\_\_ if different carboxylic acid = \_\_\_\_
anhydride
if highest priority: -oic anhydride
hydroxyl replaced by: a second carboxylic acid bonded to oxygen
naming:
if same carboxylic acid = name of carboxylic acid (without the word acid) followed by “anhydride”
if different carboxylic acid = names of both carboxylic acids listed alphabetically (without the word acid) followed by “anhydride”
IUPAC:
common:
IUPAC: ethanoic anhydride
common: acetic anhydride
IUPAC:
IUPAC: ethanoic propanoic anhydride
