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Environmental Health > Noise > Flashcards

Noise Flashcards

1
Q

what is noise?

A

a sound you DON’T want to hear

unwanteded sound

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2
Q

review parts of ear

A

parts of ear

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3
Q

cochlea

A

little hairs

if damaged, attachments damaged, breakage, not repairable

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4
Q

How does noise damage hearing

A

damage attachments of hairs in cochlea

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5
Q

chemicals and hearing

A

toulene and noise in some kind of DIY thing… increases the effect of the noise…worse hearing loss

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6
Q

frequency

A

Hz

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7
Q

threshold in dB where we start to lose hearing

A

40 dB

can’t here 4000 hZ

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8
Q

NIHL

A

Noise Induced Hearing loss

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9
Q

What is the outcome of NIHL

A

permanent, irreversible hearing loss

hearing aids can’t correct it
Cochlear implants don’t restore it

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10
Q

Why are’t hearing aids the best

A

magnify level of ALL noise, background noise too…they don’t know how to differentiate

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11
Q

NIHL more

A

can endanger people and have social impact

TOTALLY PREVENTABLE

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12
Q

Hearing Loss and the wokrplace

A

not hearing warning signs=danger

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13
Q

Noises in the US… exposure

A

5-30 million pppl exposed to hazardous levels of noise

100 million exposed above the EPA “safe level”

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14
Q

Hazardous level of noise

A

85 dB or over for 8 hours

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15
Q

EPA “Safe” level of noise

A

75 dB for 24 hrs

exposed for longer if its for less time

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16
Q

protecting from noise

A

Time
Distance
Shielding

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17
Q

Hearing loss in the US

A

10 mill with NIHL

12 mill with tinnitus (ringing)

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18
Q

Cost of hearing lost

A

NO nat. surveillence system
$305 mill spend annually on HIHL by Army

in Washington…they spent $57 million in 1998…which didnt include hearing aids! (which also cost a ton)

NOT covered by worker’s comp in 4 states

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19
Q

High Risk Hearing Loss jobs

A 
mining 
Agriculture
Construction 
Transportation 
Manufacturig
Metal Workers
Military
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20
Q

Recreational noise exposure

A

take risks… motorcycle, high level of noise in headphones, chainsaw with no hearing protection

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21
Q

recreation and job

A

how do you know where the majority of the hearing loss is from

maybe use epi…but we don’t have a way to tell whats what currently

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22
Q

Noise thermometor

A

blenders… threshold, but not at the time

Heavy traffic, jackhammars WAY at the top

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23
Q

Limit exposure to jackhammar

A

switch out workers, give them hearing protection

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24
Q

rainfall

A

in a heavy storm, 50dB (thats not even thunder)

25
Q

OSHA Hearing Conservation Program (mointoring)

A

annually measure worker hearing

want to make sure no decline while employee works for you

26
Q

OSHA hearing conservation program…the things it includes

A 
monitor (anual)
test
protect
train 
keep records
27
Q

OSHA regulations: Purpose and Scope

A
  • Protect employees from exposure to hazardous noise

- Establish an effective hearing conservation program (HCP)

28
Q

OSHA regulating a workplace

A

long time between inspections

- Complaints get OSHA in sooner

29
Q

Worker responsibility

A

you have to go to OSHA and make a complaint

30
Q

Heirarchy of controls…cheapest to most expensibe

A

Administrative controls
Engineering controls
PPE if the former don’t work

31
Q

who does OSHA hold accountable

A

ONLY employeer gets fined, NOT employee…even if they’re the one breaking the rules

32
Q

Hierarchy of controls…what is least to most effective

A 
PPE (compliance issues in employees) 
Training Procedures and admin controls
Warnings
Engineering controls
Eliminate noise or substitute
33
Q

Most effective way to decrease leaf blower exposure

A
  • use a muffler to muffle noise

con: it increases weight… risk of back injury

34
Q

REVEIW HERIARCHY OF CONTROLS IMAGE

A

REVEIW HERIARCHY OF CONTROLS IMAGE

35
Q

Path of Noise

A

comes straight off you

can hit surface and bounce back to person

36
Q

floors and noise

A

carpet..noise can’t bounce as well

fabric coat walls works too

37
Q

Source-Path-Reciever

A

Hotel rooftops…incase AC
Cages for inspectors of mechanical plants

made of absorbent material (not hard /dense)

walls between highways and homes

38
Q

Things that can happen to noise when it meets a surface

A

absorbed
passes through object
refracted
reflected

39
Q

Noise: Engineering Controls

A 
Replace/repair equpitment
reduce source of noise
make enclosures
make barriers
vibration control
use sound absorbing materials
40
Q

Goals to reduce noise

A

reduce source of noise

USE ABSORBANT MATERIALS

41
Q

Noise: Adminstrative Controls

A

Training! #1
Job rotation
Inc distance between workers and source
equiptment maintenance

42
Q

first thing you have do to in workplace to reduce noise harm

A

TRANING

43
Q

When do you need HCP

A

must be provided by employer if employees are exposed to noise at levels of 85dB over an 8 hr time weighted average

44
Q

What is HCP

A

hearing conservation program

45
Q

how many dB is the regulation…

A

85 dB over 8 hrs!!!!!

46
Q

what is 90dB

A

you can go up to 90 at some point during the day, so long as your average over the day is 85 or bellow

47
Q

Time Weighted Average

A

average out over the day
can exceed for part of work day
under for other part
averages out to the standard (hopefully)

48
Q

Time Weighted Average equation

A

Dose= 100*(C1/T1 + C2/T2)
C= duration at each noise level
T=allowable duration at each noise level

49
Q

Monitoring

A

employers comes up with monitoring program

notify employees if they are above the level

teach them hot to limit it

testing and retesting

50
Q

where we lose hearing occupationally

A

around 4000 Hz level

this means you’re not protecting yourself

51
Q

standard threshold shift

A

your hearing is decreasing

52
Q

Notification if you have a standard threshold shift

A

TELL employee w/in 21 days
Informed that more eval is needed
REQUIRED to wear hearing protecting
Refited and retrained in use of HP

53
Q

Hearing Protector

A

Employers must make it available (its expensive!)

Employees are given the opportunity to chose from a variety

54
Q

record keeping

A

very important that employees do this

have to show records to OSHA

55
Q

Other Noise Metrics and Standards

A

Mine Safety and Health Admin measure with PEL (permissible Exposure Limit)

Nat. Institute for Occ. Safety and Health uses REL (reccommended Exposure Limit

American Conference of Gov. Industrial Hygienists use TLV (threshold limit Value)

56
Q

OSHA PELs vs ACGIH TLVs

A

ACGIH more strict…who you want regulating you as a worker

57
Q

OSHA PEL

A

8 hr TWA of 90dBA

58
Q

ACGIH

A

8 hr TW of 85 dbBA

Environmental Health (6 decks)

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