# NOF With OFIF by DHS

Question 1

What is a fractured neck of femur?

Answer 1

Anywhere from the subcapitak region of the femoral head to 5cm distal of the lesser trochanter.

Question 2

What is open reduction and internal fixation ORIF?

Answer 2

Surgery used to stabolise and heal a broken bone. Implementation of implants to repair a broken bone.

Question 3

What is the aetiology of a fractured neck of femur?

Answer 3

1. Fall from height
2. Trauma
3. Fall directly ib greater trochanter
4. RTC
5. Post-menopausal
6. Sporting injuries
7. Alcoholism

Question 4

Epidemiology of fractured neck of femur?

Answer 4

1. Elderly 70-80 years
2. Women (menopause),
3. 70-75,000 per year
4. 70 % women caucasian.

Question 5

What are the clinical features kf fractures beck of femur?q

Answer 5

1. Unable tk weight bear on affected side
2. Muscle wasting
3. Minimal shortening of the affected lower limb
4. Deformity
5. Pain
6. Swelling
7. Bruising

Question 6

What is the pathophysiology (healing process) of fractured neck of femur?q

Answer 6

Inflammation- haemotoma forms and provides cells capable of secreting growth factors.
Macrophages, neutrophils/platelets realease cytokines.
Fibroblasts migrate to fracture site, granulation tissue forms. Osteoblasts/fibroblasts proliferate.
Repair- primary callus in 2 weeks if ends not touching bridging of soft callus forms. Endochondral ossification converts soft callus to hard callus.
Remodeling- chondrocytes undergo terminal differentiation

Question 7

Pathology of # NOF?

Answer 7

Blood supply at risk and potentially compromised meaning that the bone fragments or ends need to be fixed with ORIF. In irder for the healing processes to occur..