No project is an island, SW4 Flashcards
what are the contextual aspects that are important for a project?
DISCUSSION
- leadership style
- company status
- resources
- size of the project
- laws and politics
- previous exteriors of projects within the organisation
PPT 1. Industry —> what kind off industry 2. organisation —> structural —> knowledge, function, project based? 3. Market —> 4. Product type 5. Stakeholders —> local authorities? —> collaboration with other companies —>
Cops?
Complex Product Systems
- Capital intensive
- Competence needed /
- Unique project
e.g. airplane, nuclear, new hospital?
How does the industry affect the project?
1. uncertainties —> competition? 2. Need of flexibility —> quick development? 3.Need of knowledge 4. Image & legitimacy 5. Laws and regulations 6. Culture
How does the organization affect the project?
1. Resources —> large or small budget for R&D? 2. Competition between projects 3. Hierarchy 4. Leadership 5. Culture 6. Conflicts
Different organisation styles?
- Matrix organization
- Project-based organization
- Function-based organization
These different types of organization will affect the project
How does the market affect the project?
- Whites needed from the company?
- What do clients want?
- How fast are competitors?
how does project type affect the project?
- complexity
—> more complex more communication needed
—> more complex might need more aspects to laws etc. - newness
- incremental or radial
- stand alone or system-integration
- consumer product, capital goods, event etc.
7.
How does stakeholders affect the project?
CORE- PRIMARY- SECONDARY
- Competitors
- Employees
e.g. Mass production—> customers are secondary stakeholder
communication plan?
Part of project plan
What is the impact of these contextual elements on project management?
- affect the project lifecycle
- Project model
- Planning of the project
—> more or less uncertainties?
—> longer shorter project?
—> more or less resources? - Iron triangle
5.
Different project lifecycles?
?
Different project models?
1. Sequential model: waterfall —> sequentiall activities 2. Parallel: concurrent engineering 3. Dynamic —> don't know how next process will look like
Sequential model: waterfall?
- simple short projects
- clearly defined goal
- not new technology
- low level of uncertainty
- technology understood
- resources available
ADVANTAGES:
- Easy to plan
- easy to monitor
DRAWBACK:
- Rigid (not iterative)
- Difficult to get idea of final product
- Does not fir complex, long or result-oriented projects
Concurrent engineering?
Activities running in parallell
- slit team and then re-split the team again
WHEN TO USE:
- used when communication within team is going very well
- when stakeholders wants to be involved
- R&D projects
- high uncertainty projects
- limited time to market (short)
- high competition
ADVANTAGE
- flexible
- short project time
- prototype available early
- increased productivity
DRAWBACKS:
- riks
- needs extensive communicaiton
- risk with the integration of te parallell activities
Roling wave planning?
AGILE
Wave 1: Planned in detail
and then start to design the next one.
WHEN:
- uncertain environment
- hard to plan risk
- In R&D, high-tech and invention projects
- no time pressure
- flexible and available resources
- goal-seeking projects where scope is likely to change
- long projects
ADVANTAGE: 1. needless planning is avoided 2. flexibility 3. tolerate high uncertainty iterative planning is possible
DRAWBACK:
- time and resources can easily get out of control
