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MSS > NMJ Pharmacology > Flashcards

NMJ Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

What type of receptor binds acetylcholine?

A

Cholinergic receptors

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2
Q

Cholinergic receptors can be broken down into what two categories?

A

Nicotinic and Muscarinic

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3
Q

What drug blocks exocytosis of acetylcholine?

A

Botulinum

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4
Q

What are some clinic uses of botulinum?

A

Opthalmology, badder, spasticity

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5
Q

Acetylcholine is broken down into what two components?

A

Choline and acetate

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6
Q

What are the 4 acetylcholinesterase inhibitors?

A

Short term - Endrophonium

Intermediate - Neostigmine

Organophosphates - Sarin and Malathion

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7
Q

How do acetylcholinesterase inhibitors work?

A

Competitive inhibitors of acetylcholine, compete for binding site

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8
Q

What are some uses of cholinesterase inhibitors?

A

Myasthenia Gravis and Open-angle Glaucoma

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9
Q

What acetylcholinesterase inhibitor is used for DIAGNOSIS of MG?

A

Endrophonium

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10
Q

What acetylcholinesterase inhibitor is used for TREATMENT of MG?

A

Neostigmine

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11
Q

The primary cause of death from acetylcholinesterase inhibitors is ?

A

Respiratory distress

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12
Q

What is the antidote for organophosphate acetylcholinesterase inhibitors?

A

Pralidoxime - neutralizes the affects of too much Ach

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13
Q

which respond faster: muscularinic or nicotinic?

A

nicotinic

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14
Q

Which is not expressed in skeletal muscle: muscularinic or nicotinic?

A

muscularinic

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15
Q

What is the difference between a depolarizing and non depolarizing NMJ blocker?

A

Depolarizing agents produce their block by binding to and activating the ACh receptor, at first causing muscle contraction, then paralysis.

Non-depolarizing blockers act as competitive antagonists, causing only paralysis

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16
Q

What are the 4 non-depolarizing NMJ blockers?

A
  1. Tubo
  2. Pan
  3. Roc
  4. alpha bungaro
17
Q

What the depolarizing NMJ blocker?

A

Succinylcholine

18
Q

What are NMJ blockers used for?

A

Skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery

19
Q

Which non depolarizing NMJ blocker is long acting?

A

Tubo

20
Q

Which non depolarizing NMJ blocker is long acting and more potent?

A

Pan

21
Q

Which non depolarizing NMJ blocker is intermediate acting?

A

Roc

22
Q

Which NMJ blocker does not cross the BBB?

A

Succinylcholine

23
Q

Succinylcholine is only used for what?

A

Emergency intubation for artificial respiration

24
Q

Which NMJ blocker is ultra short acting?

A

Succinylcholine

25
Q

What is the cause of MG?

A

destruction of nicotinic receptors by antibodies (autoimmune)

26
Q

Which drug can help treat MG in addition to thymectomies and immunosuppression?

A

neostigmine

27
Q

What type of drugs are used to treat muscle hyperactivity?

A

Spasmolytics: dantrolene and botulinum

28
Q

How does dantrolene work?

A

Blocks RyR1 receptors, preventing release of calcium

29
Q

What drug can cause hyperthermia?

A

succinylcholine

MSS (7 decks)

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