nice Flashcards
16 is age can legally cosnent to any sexual acitivity
children under 13 cannot consetn to any sexual acitivty
Hiv often presents with a flu like illness in the first few weeks
person is highly infectious during primary HIV infection
pneumocystis jirovecci cna have
decreased exercise tolerance
kaposi sarcoma - most common tumour in people with hiv infection adn presents wth
dark purple or brown intradermal skin lesions that look like bruises but feel firmer
hyperlipidaemia is common in anti HIV meds
NAARt fot HIV can interact with statins and fibrates
all womrn with HIV should have
colposcopy - to assess risk of cervical cancer
copper coil is recommneded as the emergency contraception in a woman with a CD4 count less than 200
post exposure prophylaxis for HIv can be given up to 72 hrs after
give dexa scan to all woman diagnosed with POI and those with amenorrhoea for more than 6 months
causes of b12 def- colchicine (gout), metformin, nitrous oxide, PPI
causes of folate def- anticonvulsants, methotrexate and trimethroprim and nitrofurantoin
total b12 ( serum cobalamin) or active b12 (serum holotranscobalamin)
anti intrinsic factor antibody test should be considered in autoimmune gastriits
if there is neurological involvement for b12 def - initially have injections on alternate days
b12 and folate def- brown pigmentation of nail beds and skin creases
recreational nitrious ozide use can cause folate/b12 def
if got neurological symptoms with suspected b12 def. - do not hold treat while waiting for test results due to risk of sub acute combined degeneration of the cord
normal MCV does not exlude b12/f def as a nornal MCV is seen in 25% of cases
main cuase of foalte def is gluten induced enteropathy
if on carbamazepine it can reduce the conc of other drugs such as folic acid
serum ferritin most reliably correlates with total body iron stores
restless leg syndrome and cognitive dysfunction is common in
iron def
in premenopausal woman - can try diagnostic trial of iron treatmetn even if bloods are within an expected range
pencil cells can indicate iron def anaemia
offer FIT testing for iron def anemia in adults
diarrhoea is also an effect of iron supplements
absorption of iron is reduced if also taking calium rich foods, tannins (tea,coffee),
10 appointments for first time mum and 7 for if had kids before
preg women have how many ultrasounds scans
2 - dating scan between 11-15 weeks
fetal anomaly scan - around 20 weeks
blood pressure and urine sipstick should be offered at every pregnancy appointment
28 weeks - routine anti D prophylaxis to all neg woman
varcicose veins are common in pregnancy and often improve after pregnnacy
vaginal discharge is common in preg
BV has no itch or soreness
should do pH of the discharge in BV
all those with meningitis with non blanching rash or meningococcal septicaemia - should get benzylpenicillin at earliest possible stage
Brudzinkski’s sign - persons knees and hips flex when neck is flexed - meningitis
bulging fontanelle can be a sign of meningitis in babies
can get ear and postauricular ear pain in bells palsy