NFPA 30: Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code Flashcards
What is the definition of “emergency relief venting”? (NFPA 30, Section 3.3.61.1)
An opening, construction method, or device that will automatically relieve excessive internal pressure due to an exposure fire.
What is meant by the term “fugitive emissions”? (NFPA 30, Section 3.3.22)
Releases of flammable vapor that continuously or intermittently occur from process equipment during normal operations.
What is the definition of a “stable liquid”? (NFPA 30, Section 3.3.33.3)
Any liquid not defined as unstable.
What is the definition of an “unstable liquid”? (NFPA 30, Section 3.3.33.4)
A liquid that, in the pure state or as commercially produced or transported, will vigorously polymerize, decompose, undergo condensation reaction, or become self-reactive under conditions of shock, pressure, or temperature.
What is the NFPA definition of “ventilation”? (NFPA 30, Section 3.3.62)
For the purpose of this code, movement of air that is provided for the prevention of fire and explosion.
What is the definition of “boiling point”? (NFPA 30, Section 3.3.5)
The temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid equals the surrounding atmospheric pressure.
What is the definition of “flash point”? (NFPA 30, Section 3.3.21)
The minimum temperature of a liquid at which sufficient vapor is given off to form an ignitable mixture with the air, near the surface of the liquid or within the vessel used, as determined by the appropriate test procedure and apparatus specified in Section 4.4.
What is the definition of “vapor pressure”? (NFPA 30, Section 3.3.55)
The pressure, measured in pounds per square inch, absolute (psia), exerted by a liquid, as deter‐ mined by ASTM D323, Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method).
What is the definition of a “class I flammable liquid”? (NFPA 30, Section 4.3.1)
Any liquid that has a closed-cup flash point below 100°F (37.8°C), as determined by the test procedures and apparatus set forth in Section 4.4 and a Reid vapor pressure that does not exceed an absolute pressure of 40 psi (276 kPa) at 100°F (37.8°C), as determined by ASTM D323, Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method).
What is the definition of a “combustible liquid”? (NFPA 30, Section 3.3.33.1)
Any liquid that has a closedcup flash point at or above 100°F (37.8°C), as determined by the test procedures and apparatus set forth in Section 4.4.
What does adequate venting of an atmospheric storage tank prevent? (NFPA 30, Section 21.4.3.1)
Storage tanks shall be vented to prevent the development of vacuum or pressure that can distort the tank or exceed the rated design pressure of the tank when the tank is filled or emptied or because of atmospheric temperature changes.
In order to be able to separate a tank from its piping in an emergency, what must be provided at each opening in an aboveground tank through which liquid can normally flow? (NFPA 30, Section 22.13.1)
Each connection to an aboveground tank through which liquid can normally flow shall be provided with an internal or an external valve located as close as practical to the shell of the tank.
Each opening below liquid level in an aboveground tank through which liquid does NOT normally flow must be equipped with a liquid tight closure. What are some examples of the type of hardware that can be used to meet this requirement? (NFPA 30, Section 22.13.2)
Each connection below the liquid level through which liquid does not normally flow shall be provided with a liquid‐ tight closure such as a valve, plug, or blind, or a combination of these.
In order to control static electricity, what must be done with metallic equipment? (NFPA 30, Section 6.5.4)
All metallic equipment such as tanks, machinery, and piping where the potential exists for an ignitable mixture to be present shall be bonded and grounded.
What are three things that must be included in the written procedures to prevent overfilling of aboveground tanks? (NFPA 30, Section 21.7.1.4)
1) Instructions covering methods to check for lineup and receipt of initial delivery to tank designated to receive shipment.
2) Provision for training and monitoring the performance of operating personnel by supervisors.
3) Schedules and procedures for inspection and testing of gauging equipment and high-level instrumentation and related systems. Inspection and testing intervals shall be approved but shall not exceed 1 year.
If loading and unloading is done through a common pipe system, a check valve is not required. However, what type of valve is required? Where should this valve be located? (NFPA 30, Section 27.6.7)
An isolation valve shall be provided. This valve shall be located so that it is accessible or shall be remotely operable.
If the piping test procedures in ASME B31 are not followed, what procedures should be used to test piping before it is covered, enclosed or placed in use? (NFPA 30, Section 27.7)
Testing shall be done hydrostatically to 150 percent of the maximum anticipated pressure of the system or pneumatically to 110 percent of the maximum anticipated pressure of the system, and the test pressure shall be maintained while a complete visual inspection of all joints and connections is conducted.
How long must a hydrostatic or pneumatic test of piping that has not yet been covered or enclosed last? (NFPA 30, Section 27.7.1.1)
In no case shall the test pressure be maintained for less than 10 minutes.
In order to control static electricity, what must be done with non-metallic equipment? (NFPA 30, Section 6.5.4)
All nonmetallic equipment and piping where the potential exists for an ignitable mixture to be present shall be designed and operated to prevent electrostatic ignition.
What is the definition of an “atmospheric tank”? (NFPA 30, Section 3.3.52.2)
A storage tank that has been designed to operate at pressures from atmospheric through a gauge pressure of 1.0 psi (6.9 kPa) (i.e., 760 mm Hg through 812 mm Hg) measured at the top of the tank.
What is the definition of a “low-pressure tank”? (NFPA 30, Section 3.3.52.3)
For the purposes of this code, a storage tank designed to withstand an internal pressure above a gauge pressure of 1.0 psi (6.9 kPa) but not more than a gauge pressure of 15 psi (103 kPa) measured at the top of the tank.
What is the definition of a “pressure vessel”? (NFPA 30, Section 3.3.44)
A container or other component designed in accordance with the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code or CSA B51, Boiler, Pressure Vessel and Pressure Piping Code. [52, 2016]
What is meant by the term “protection for exposures”? (NFPA 30, Section 3.3.46)
Fire protection for structures on property adjacent to liquid storage that is provided by (1) a public fire department or (2) a private fire brigade maintained on the property adjacent to the liquid storage, either of which is capable of providing cooling water streams to protect the property adjacent to the liquid storage.
What is the definition of a “secondary containment tank”? (NFPA 30, Section 3.3.52.5)
A tank that has an inner and outer wall with an interstitial space (annulus) between the walls and that has a means for monitoring the interstitial space for a leak.
What is the definition of a “cryogenic fluid”? (NFPA 30, Section 3.3.14)
A fluid with a boiling point lower than −130°F (−90°C) at an absolute pressure of 14.7 psi (101.325 kPa). [55, 2016]
Vapor detectors in vaults shall be located no higher than _________ above the lowest point of the vault. (NFPA 30, Section 25.15.3)
12 in.
Table 22.4.1.1(a) & (b) in NFPA 30 is used to determine the minimum spacing between an aboveground tank shell and the nearest important building. In order to correctly determine the spacing, what four items must be known? (NFPA 30, Table 22.4.1.1(a) & (b))
a) Type of Tank,
b) Diameter
c) Capacity
d) Type of Protection supplied
When remote impounding is used for control of spillage from aboveground tanks, what is the minimum slope required away from the tank? Over what distance must this slope be maintained? (NFPA 30, Section 22.11.1.1)
The drainage route shall have a slope of not less than 1 percent away from the tank for at least 50 ft (15 m) toward the impounding area.
When remote impounding is used for control of spillage from aboveground tanks, and the impoundment area is filled to capacity, what is the minimum distance allowed between the liquid and any property line that can be built upon or any tank? (NFPA 30, Section 22.11.1.4)
The impounding area shall be located so that, when filled to capacity, the liquid will not be closer than 50 ft (15 m) from any property line that is or can be built upon or from any tank.
When calculating the required capacity of a diked area that contains several tanks, how do you take into account the volume of the smaller tanks? (NFPA 30, Section 22.11.2.2.1)
To allow for volume occupied by tanks, the capacity of the diked area enclosing more than one tank shall be calculated after deducting the volume of the tanks, other than the largest tank, below the height of the dike.
What is the minimum distance allowed between the shell of aboveground tanks and the toe of the interior dike wall? (NFPA 30, Section 22.11.2.5(3))
The distance between the shell of any tank and the toe of the interior of the dike wall shall be not less than 5 ft (1.5 m).
What is the minimum distance allowed between the outside base of a dike surrounding an aboveground tank and any property line that is or can be built upon? (NFPA 30, Section 22.11.2.3)
To permit access, the outside base of the dike at ground level shall be no closer than 10 ft (3 m) to any property line that is or can be built upon.
What information must be stamped on each commercially made tank venting device? (NFPA 30, Section 22.7.3.10)
a) Start-to-open pressure
b) Pressure at which the valve reaches the full open position
c) Flow capacity at the pressure indicated by 22.7.3.10(2)
How shall vent pipe outlets for tanks storing class I liquids adjacent to buildings or public ways be located? (NFPA 30, Section 27.8.1.1)
Where the outlets of vent pipes for tanks storing Class I liquids are adjacent to buildings or public ways, they shall be located so that vapors are released at a safe point outside of buildings and not less than 12 ft (3.6 m) above the adjacent ground level.
As a general rule, manifolding of vent piping should be avoided. What are three special purposes that may require vent piping to be manifolded? (NFPA 30, Section 27.8.1.4.1)
1) vapor recovery
2) vapor conservation
3) air pollution control
What are three acceptable methods of overfill prevention for aboveground tanks at terminals receiving Class I liquids from mainline pipelines or marine vessels? (NFPA 30, Section 27.7.1.1)
Tanks shall be gauged at intervals in accordance with established procedures by personnel continuously on the premises during product receipt. Acknowledged communication shall be maintained with the supplier so flow can be shut down or diverted in accordance with established procedures.
Tanks shall be equipped with a high-level detection device that is either independent of any gauging equipment or incorporates a gauging and alarm system that provides electronic self-checking to indicate when the gauging and alarm system has failed. Alarms shall be located where personnel who are on duty throughout product transfer can arrange for flow stoppage or diversion in accordance with established procedures.
Tanks shall be equipped with an independent high-level detection system that will automatically shut down or divert flow in accordance with established procedures.
Except where special provisions have been made, what is the maximum interior height of a dike wall above the interior grade of the diked area? (NFPA 30, Section 22.11.2.5(1))
6 feet
