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NUR 332 > newborn > Flashcards

newborn Flashcards

1
Q

Apgar – appearance

A

Zero – blue and pale
One – acrocyanosis
Two – all pink

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2
Q

Apgar – pulse

A

zero – absent
One – less than 100
Two – more than 100

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3
Q

Apgar – grimace

A

Zero – no response
One – weak grimace
Two – coughing and crying

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4
Q

Apgar – activity

A

zero – limp
One – arms, and legs flexed
Two – strong tone, flexing

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5
Q

Apgar – respiration

A

Zero – absent
One – slow, irregular
two – good regular strong cry

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6
Q

what is the mechanical change during birth for newborns?

A

Fetal chest is compressed to squeeze fluid out of lungs

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7
Q

what type of delivery is less likely to be successful in squeezing fluid out of lungs?

A

C-section

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8
Q

what is the chemical stimuli to trigger the first breath?

A

Increased PC02
decreased PH and PO2

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9
Q

respiratory rate within first two hours of life

A

60-70 / min

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10
Q

respiratory rate two hours after life

A

30-60/min

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11
Q

periodic respirations

A

Normal
Pauses in breathing up to 20 seconds

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12
Q

Apneic, respirations

A

abnormal
Pause in breathing greater than 20 seconds

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13
Q

signs of respiratory distress

A

Nasal flaring
Intercostal retractions
Expiratory, grunting
Increased respiratory rate

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14
Q

is transient tachypnea progressive or rapid distress?

A

Progressive over 6–72 hours

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15
Q

T/F you should feed an infant orally with respiratory rate greater than 60

A

False, aspiration risk

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16
Q

how is surfactant development in Alveoli stimulated

A

Betamethasone
Rupture of membranes

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17
Q

normal heart rate for newborns

A

110-160
apical-1min!!

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18
Q

when can an infants heart rate drop?

A

During sleep
80–100

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19
Q

when can infants, heart rate elevate?

A

Crying
160–180

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20
Q

Convection

A

Warm body surface to cooler air temperature

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21
Q

radiation

A

Heated body surface to cooler object not in contact with baby

22
Q

evaporation

A

Water turns to vapor
example – baby is wet after bath

23
Q

conduction

A

Cooler surface by direct contact with baby

24
Q

normal temperature range for baby

A

97.7–99.5°.

25
Q

sx hypothermia

A

Hypotension
Hypoglycemia
Acrocyanosis
Mottled skin
Bradycardia
Tachypnea
Poor feeding
Decreased muscle tone

26
Q

treatment for hypothermia

A

Skin to skin
Warm blanket
Increase room temperature
Recheck temp in 10 minutes

27
Q

hyperthermia causes

A

Overheated by incubators, warmers
Excessive swaddling
Dehydration

28
Q

sx hyperthermia

A

Tachycardia, tachypnea
Flushing
Lethargic
Poor feeding

29
Q

consequences of hyperthermia

A

Hypotension
Seizures
Apnea
Hypernatremia

30
Q

treatment for hyper thermia

A

Move away from heat source
undress as needed
Initiate breast-feeding to replace fluids

31
Q

what should be done if acrocyanosis or central cyanosis is occurring

A

Place pulse ox

32
Q

How did preterm and term babies resting posture compare

A

preterm are extended
Term are flexed

33
Q

Who is likely to have more vernix a pre-or post term baby?

A

Preterm

34
Q

is a term or post term baby more likely to have peeling skin

A

Post term

35
Q

Cephalohematoma

A

Collection of blood in cranial bone and periosteal membrane

does not cross sutures
Increased jaundice, and BiliRubin
Anemia

36
Q

caput succedaneum

A

Collection of fluid in the soft tissues, causing swelling

Crosses sutures

37
Q

is subconjunctival hemorrhage worrisome?

A

No, resolves itself

38
Q

transient strabismus

A

Cross eyed

39
Q

doll eyes

A

When Head turns eyes move in opposite direction

Underdeveloped head eye coordination

40
Q

What are Epstein’s pearls?

A

Cysts with keratin

41
Q

does lanugo increase or decrease with age

A

Decreases

42
Q

Who is more likely to have an umbilical hernia?

A

African-American infants

43
Q

preterm male genitalia

A

Small scrotum
Testes palpable in inguinal canal

44
Q

Male genitalia in term infants

A

testes in lower scrotum

45
Q

Female genitalia for preterm infants

A

clitoris present
Small labia majora
Widely separated

46
Q

hydrocele

A

Collection of fluid surrounding scrotum and testes

47
Q

Hypospadia’s

A

Meatus on ventral spot of penis

48
Q

Epispadias

A

Meatus on dorsal part of penis

49
Q

cryptocordism

A

Failure for testes descend

50
Q

should any male infants with genitalia variations be able to complete a circumcision

A

No, must see urology first

NUR 332 (14 decks)

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