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My WSET LEVET 3 > New Zealand > Flashcards

New Zealand Flashcards

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1
Q

What is New Zealand best known for?

A

fresh vibrant Savignon Blanc - a style that has inspired many other wine region producers

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2
Q

Where is New Zealand located?

A

its isolated in the Pacific Ocean with the nearest landmass being Australia 1900 km away

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3
Q

What is the climate of New Zealand

A

maritime overall although South Island climate is cool whereas North Island is a little warmer.

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4
Q

What allows grapes to reach high levels of sugar and and flavor ripeness retaining acidity in New Zealand

A

the combination of long sunshine hours, nights cooled by sea breezes, and a long ripening period

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5
Q

Where are vineyards located on the South Island of New Zealand?

A

typically on the east side protecting them from rain bearing westerly winds by mountains in the center of the island. however many vineyards still experience plentiful rainfall which can be problematic in ripening season

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6
Q

Describe the soils in South Island of NZ

A

soils are free draining which assists with waterlogging, however those on flat land can be overly fertile leading to excessive leaf and shoot growth.

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7
Q

What is Sustainable Winegrowing New Zealand?

A

an initiative that sets winery standards to help growers reduce the environmental impact of their vineyard

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8
Q

Which grape has been the flagship of New Zealand since early 1990’s and accounts for majority of wine production

A

Sauvignon Blanc

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9
Q

Describe a Sauvignon Blanc from New Zealand

A

pungent aromas, intense flavors of elderflower, and passionfruit with high acidity

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10
Q

What are the subtle differences between North and South islands in NZ with Sauvignon Blanc?

A

North - warmer so it produces with more tropical flavors,

South - high acidity, flavors of green bell peppers, and gooseberry

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11
Q

How is Sauvignon Blanc fermented in NZ

A

in inert vessels at cool temperatures to retain full fruity flavors and aromas, but some producers also make oak matured styles as a point of difference

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12
Q

What other white variety is widely planted in NZ

A

Chardonnay

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13
Q

Describe the style of Chardonnay in NZ?

A

there are a range of styles however then general style tends to be led by concentrated citrus and tropical fruits with subtle hints of toast and sweet spice from new French Oak.

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14
Q

What are some aromatic varietals that are being explored in NZ

A

Riesling, Gewurztraminer and semi aromatic Pinot Gris - ranging from dry to sweet but mostly tend to be off dry

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15
Q

What ensures the aromatic compounds have plenty of time to develop before the grapes are harvested in NZ

A

dry autumns and cool night temperatures

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16
Q

What is the second most planted grape varietal in NZ?

A

Pinot Noir

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17
Q

Where is Pinot Noir widely grown in NZ?

A

the South Island and a few select sites in the North Island

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18
Q

What is the overall profile of NZ Pinot noir?

A

Vibrant fruit fine ripe tannins, soft texture and often quite high levels of alcohol - distinct regions styles have also emerged

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19
Q

What is the second greatest volume red variety grown in NZ?

A

Merlot

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20
Q

Describe a Merlot from NZ

A

often blended with Cabernet Sauvginon to add tannins and notes of cassis making up a Bordeaux style blend. known for purity of fruit flavors

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21
Q

Where are Merlots concentrated in NZ?

A

North Island where warmer temperatures help to ripen black grapes.

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22
Q

Describe Syrah’s in NZ

A

does better in the warmer climates and produces elegant wines closer in style with Rhone than Australia. Plantings are small but increasing

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23
Q

Where did the wine industry start off in NZ?

A

in the north of North Island around Auckland.

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24
Q

Describe climate of Auckland

A

warm and wettest part of NZ and fungal diseases are an issue

25
Q

What are the most planted varietals in Auckland?

A

Chardonnay, Merlot and Syrah

26
Q

what area has a growing reputation for top quality wines in Auckland, particularly reds

A

Waiheke Island - immediately to the east

27
Q

Where are the vineyards of Gisborne located

A

on the east coast of North Island in the broad estuary plain close to the town of Gisborne itself.

28
Q

what is the climate of Gisborne?

A

rainfall, temperatures and sunshine are high in the growing season.

29
Q

What varietal accounts for over 50 % of the vines planted in Gisborne

A

Chardonnay

30
Q

Describe Chardonnay in Gisborne

A

distinct tropical fruit flavors.

31
Q

Besides Chardonnay what are two other varietals planted in Gisborne

A

full bodied Pinot Gris and small amount of high quality Gewurztraminer

32
Q

Where is Hawke’s Bay located?

A

close to twin towns of Hastings and Napier, on the east coast of North Island in an estuary plain.

33
Q

Describe Hawke’s Bay climate

A

longest sunshine hours and it is the warmest. particularly diverse with its soils, aspects and altitudes of its plantings.

34
Q

Describe Gimblett Gravels soils in Hawke’s bay?

A

well drained heat absorbing gravel soil on the valley floor - good for growing black varieties

35
Q

What varietals are widely know in Hawke’s Bay?

A

region built its fame on Merlot and Cab in Bordeaux style blends but also Syrah

36
Q

Where is Wairarapa in NZ?

A

its made up of a number of small vineyard areas spread over a wide area at the southern tip of the North Island

37
Q

What is the most important area in Wairarapa?

A

around a small town of Martinborough

38
Q

What variety is Martinborough built a reputation for? and describe the wine

A

PInot Noir - med to full bodied and ripe with hints of dark plum and spice

39
Q

Describe the climate of Martinborough

A

summer temperatures can be high but a wide diurnal range makes it suitable for Pinot Noir.

40
Q

What is the major grape growing center in NZ

A

Marlborough in South Island

41
Q

What primary varietal is found in majority of planting in Marlborough

A

Sauvignon Blanc

42
Q

Where do most of the vineyards in Marlborough lie

A

in two adjacent estuary valleys Wairau (by far the largest) and Awatere

43
Q

What is the climate in Wairau?

A

similar to Martinborough with long sunny days but the valley is far from uniform with a number of side valleys on the southern side of Wairau Valley that give producers a range of altitudes and aspects to work with.

44
Q

What is the climate in Awatere?

A

drier, cooler and windier than Wairau

45
Q

Describe a Sauvignon Blanc from Awatere

A

higher acidity with pronounced herbaceous character, lack the tropical fruit flavors that are found in Wairau

46
Q

What two varietals are planted in both Awatere and Wairau

A

Pinot Noir and Chardonnay used for both still and sparkling wines.

47
Q

Describe still Pinot Noirs from Marlborough

A

often med bodied with fine tannins and flavors of cranberry and cherry

48
Q

What are two other white varieties perform well in Marlborough

A

Riesling and Pinot Gris

49
Q

Where is Nelson located

A

Northwest of Wairau Valley on the north coast of South Island NZ

50
Q

Describe climate in Nelson NZ

A

cooler and wetter than Marlborough

51
Q

What varieties dominate the plantings in Nelson NZ

A

Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Noir and Pinot Gris

52
Q

What are the two main centers of viticulture in Canterbury NZ

A

one in the plain immediately to the west of the town of Christchurch and a larger one Waipara Valley to the north

53
Q

What is the climate in Canterbury NZ

A

plain area is exposed to cooling influence from the Pacific although there is a slight warming effect from north westerly winds that impact the Waipara Valley region more as it is less exposed to the ocean due to range of hills

54
Q

What are the most planted varieties in Centerbury NZ

A

Sauvignon Blanc and Pinot Noir with waipara also noted for high quality Riesling

55
Q

Where is Central Otago in NZ?

A

inland in the foothills of the Southern NZ Alps - vineyard itself is spread over a wide area incorporating a number of different valleys with different soils, aspects and altitudes.

56
Q

Describe the climate of Central Otago?

A

in contrast to the rest of NZ it is continental and frost damage is a real risk in spring and autumn. Summer is warm but important for grape quality. diurnal range in the growing season is large. Sunlight is intense which accounts for high amount of alcohol.

57
Q

What is the vast majority of plantings in Central Otago?

A

Pinot Noir

58
Q

Describe PInot Noir from Central Otago

A

full bodied, juicy, vibrant with concentrated ripe red fruit flavors

59
Q

What are other varietals besides Pinot Noir also grown in Central Otago

A

Pinot Gris, Riesling and Chardonnay

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