New World numbers Flashcards
California area under vine
250,000 ha, slightly more than Languedoc & Roussillon
China area under vine
- 780,000 ha (!)
- Include some table grapes but still a lot of vines!
- Almost on par with France’s 800,000 ha
California number of wineries
- About 4,200 today, compared to 240 just after Prohibition ended
- Australia as a country has just above 3,000 wineries
California wine region latitude
32-42°N, equivalent of entire Spain
% of Californian wineries certified sustainable
85%
California wine region altitude range
- Up to 800m, but most under 400m
- High elevation AVAs include Sonoma Mountain (750m), the mountain AVAs of Napa (700m) and Santa Cruz Mountains (800m)
Anderson Valley rainfall
Very high at 900-2,000mm/year
Alexander Valley elevation
100-750m on Mayacama Mountains
Alexander Valley and Dry Creek rainfall
Sufficient at 800mm/year
California sunshine hour
3,200+ hours
Santa Lucia Highlands altitude
High for California at 350m
Santa Cruz Mountains altitude
Ultra high for California at 800m
Paso Robles altitude
Pretty high for California up to 700m
Central Valley California area under vine
- 61,000 ha, on par with Rioja
- 80% in Lodi (45k ha)
Central Valley California peak summer daytime temperature
35-40°C
Oregon latitude
42-46°N, about from Provence to Cote d’Or
Williamette Valley rainfall
High at 1,000mm/year but very little during the growing season
Williamette Valley altitude range
60-350m
Dundee Hills altitude
Up to 350m, the highest of all Williamette AVAs
Washington State rainfall
- Very low <250mm/year
- Cascade Mountains act like a rain shadow
- Drip irrigation widely installed
- Leads to CONTINENTAL climate
Canada area under vine
12,500ha, 1/9 of Bordeaux
Canada wine region latitude
41°N (Ontario) to 51°N (BC)
Icewine residual sugar
- 200-250g/L
- Compared to 60 for Vin Santo, 120+ for Tokaj, 300+ for TBA
Icewine raw weight to final wine ratio
8kg frozen grapes into 375mL final wine
Okanagan rainfall
Low at 300-400mm
Okanagan altitude
300-600m, enjoying high diurnal range
Chile wine region latitude
30-38°S, spanning over 1,000km
Bio Bio rainfall
High at 1,200mm/year
Elqui rainfall
Extremely low at 80mm/year
% Chilean vineyards irrigated
85%
Aconcagua Valley rainfall
Very low at 250mm/year
Casablanca Valley’s distance to the Pacific
30km
Maipo Valley altitude
Moderate for Chile 800-1,000
Number of countries Chile has preferential trade deals with (for wine)
40+ economies (!)
Argentina wine region latitude range
24-38°S, with 1,500km between Salta and Rio Negro
Argentina wine region altitude range
500m the lowest, many go up to 2,000m (Salta)
Argentina area under vine
200,000 ha, slightly smaller than Languedoc & Roussillon
% of Argentinean vineyards using flood irrigation
70%
Mendoza altitude
- 500m to the east (low)
- 1,500m to the west (high)
Central Mendoza altitude
Moderate for Argentina at 600-1,100m
Luyan de Cuyon altitude
- Mod high for Mendoza at 900-1,100m
- Highest being Las Compuertas
Maipu altitude
Low for Mendoza at 600-900m, making higher alc and fatter Malbec
Uco Valley altitude
High for Mendoza at 850-1,500m
Gualtallary altitude
Very high for Mendoza 1,100-1,600m
Paraje Altamira altitude
High for Mendoza at 1,000-1,200m
Southern Mendoza altitude
Low for Mendoza at 450-850m
DOC San Raphael altitude
Low for Argentina 500m
Padernal Valley altitude
High for Argentina at 1,250-1,500m
Salta altitude
Very high for Argentina at 1,500-3,000m
Salta latitude
24-26°S, one of the regions closest to the equator = intense UV and sunlight
Cafayate altitude
Moderate for Salta at 1,700m
Patagonia altitude
Low for Argentina at 400m
South Africa latitude
32-35°S, equivalent of Santorini, Israel and Texas
South Africa rainfall
Varies with higher around Constantia (1,100mm) and low in Olifants River (200mm)
Constantia rainfall
High at 1,000mm/year, very windy
Stellenbosch rainfall
Sufficient at 600-900mm/year
Paarl rainfall
Sufficient at 800-900mm/year, but slightly hotter than Stellenbosch
Franschhoek Valley altitude
High for SA at 300-600m
Franschhoek rainfall
Sufficient 800-900mm/year
Swartland rainfall
Low at 500mm/year
Olifants River rainfall
Extremely low at 200mm/year
Olifants River altitude
High for SA at 450-550m
Western Cape wine region altitude
- Up to 600m, anything above 200m is high
- High elevation wards include Olifants River, Hemel-en-Aarde Ridge and Franschhoek
Hemel-en-Aarde rainfall
Sufficient at 700mm, clay soils help to retain runoffs
Hemel-en-Aarde altitude
The Ridge ward reaches up to 400m, high for SA
Elgin altitude
High for SA 200-400m
Elgin rainfall
High at 1,000mm/year
Australia area under vine
150,000 ha, just 30% more than Bordeaux; the 5th largest wine producing country by volume
Australia wine region latitude range
30-37°S, with the exception of Tasmania at 41-42°S
Riverland rainfall
Extremely low at 150mm/year
Hunter Valley rainfall
High at 900mm/year, much of it during the growing season
Yarra Valley rainfall
High at 1,100mm/year, anomaly for Aus (along with TZ)
Barossa area under vine
11,000 ha, 10% of Bordeaux
Barossa altitude
High for Australia at 250-370m
Australian wine region altitude range
- 50 to 1,000m
- Anything above 200m is high
- Screwed by mountainous regions of Adelaide Hills, the Grampians and Orange
Barossa rainfall
Extremely low <200mm/year
Eden Valley altitude
High for Aus at 600m
Adelaide Hills altitude
- Up to 800m on Mount Lofty Ranges
- Most vineyards are at 400-500m
Adelaide Hills rainfall
Sufficient at 550mm/year, with good amount during the growing season, due to its maritime climate
Clare Valley altitude
High for Australia at 300-500m
Yarra Valley area under vine
2,500 ha, smaller than Châteauneuf du Pape
Yarra Valley altitude
- 50m for lower Yarra
- 350m for upper Yarra
Yarra Valley rainfall
High globally and extremely high for Aus at 1,100mm/year
Mornington Peninsula area under vine
Just under 1,000ha, half of Yarra
Beechworth altitude
- High for Aus at 200-1,000m
- On the hills south of Rutherglen
Heathcote altitude
- High for Aus at 160-320m
- Along the Mount Camel Range, benefiting from southerly winds funneled by the valley
Hunter Valley area under vine
2,600ha, similar to Yarra and smaller than Chateauneuf du Pape
Orange altitude
High for Aus 600-900m
Margaret River rainfall
High at 1,000mm/year, but dry, diseas-free growing season
Margaret River area under vine
5,700ha, slightly smaller than Barossa but about the same as whole Medoc
New Zealand wine region latitude
36-46°S, equivalent of Cadiz to Dijon
Marlborough rainfall
Sufficient at 650mm/year but still need to irrigate as soils are too free draining
New Zealand overall vine density
2,000-2,500 vines/ha, usually combined with big vine systems in fertile regions with alluvial soil
New Zealand average yield
70 hL/ha, on par with Alsace AOC and average DOCs in Italy (eg. Maremma)
% Sauvignon Blanc of total New Zealand planting
Over 60%
% Sauvignon Blanc of New Zealand’s total wine export
86% of total export
% icewine of Canada’s total wine export
Over 50%
Gisborne rainfall
High at 1,000mm/year, with Pacific cyclones
Hawke’s Bay rainfall
High at 1,000mm/year, with Pacific cyclones
Marlborough area under vine
23,000 ha, slightly larger than Alsace
Nelson rainfall
High at 900mm/year
New Zealand wine region altitude
- Up to 400m (Central Otago)
- Anything above 150m is considered high
Central Otago rainfall
Low at 360mm/year, with regional differences
Gibbston altitude
Very high for NZ at 300-450m, the highest and coolest of Central Otago subregions
Huailai rainfall
Extremely low at 200-300mm/year
Shanxi and Shaanxi rainfall
Low at 500-600mm/year
Helan Mountain rainfall
Extremely low 200mm/year
Xinjiang and Gansu rainfall
Extremely low at 80mm/year, Atacama level
China wine region altitude
- Up to 3,000m in Yunnan
- Gansu and Xinjiang on the Tibetan Plateau with over 1,000m above sea level
Penglai rainfall
Sufficient at 800mm/year with summer monsoon
