New Suburban Visions Flashcards
What were the most influential components of City beautiful and garden city movement?
- the concept of a master plan
-city as a visual spectacle
-influence through visuals - garden city more influential in urban design, commonly adapted to be a garden suburb (just physical, not social or political ideas :( )
describe the film, The City
Film by Lewis Mumford (urban theorist and historian)
- produced for the World’s Fair in NYC
- the film is very perscriptive of how things should be/could be
Has a five part structure:
1) New England Village (beautiful)
2) Industrial city
3) financial city
4) the automobile
5) greenbelt town
What is a greenbelt town?
American version of garden city, was a public cooperative
- filmed in Greenbelt, Maryland
- racial exclusion of African Americans until 1963
How did Mumford portray the industrial cities?
- polluted, dark satanic mills, domination of machines
- “world of strangers”
How did Mumford portray the finanical city?
based on the service and tiertiary sector, rigid schedules, humans enslaved by technology
How did Mumford portray the Automobile era?
crowded streets
more accidents and danger
pollution as well
noisy and loud and busy
Describe what type of city the Town of Mount Royal is
A hybrid pattern of montreal, part garden-city, part garden suburb, within the frame of a city beautiful city.
- radial design of city beautiful, lots of parks and curved streets, large lots, specific areas for apartments like Haussman
-concieved as a corporate city by the CNR
Who is Frederick Olmsted?
landscape architect and planner, fan of garden city, designed central park
- influenced TMR
What is the architecture in the TMR like?
derived from business ventures, there are restrictive rules about minimum house size, value, building materials, and style – intended to raise value of property.
- only 3 house styles allowed, very british styles,
What are some consequences of suburbinization?
-loss of residents from the industrial cities
-social, economic, and political ills
-a surge of population from older cities into suburbs
-expansion of metropolitan areas
-collapse of industrial cities
-movement of new groups ( like African Americans) into the cities
What is decentralization?
When the population of surrounding areas would expand more rapidly than that in the centre
What caused a disruption in urbanization around 1930-1950?
Post-war decline, the great depression, less people were buying and moving, cities were “shrinking:
What caused growth in the South and West of America at the same time as urban decline in cities?
During WW2, there was mass development in these areas, many immigrants moved their for work and stayed for the sun and inexpensive housing, this became known as the SUNBELT
