New Public Health+Social Model of Health Flashcards
New public health
An approach that expands the traditional focus on individual behaviour change to one that considers the ways in which the physical, sociocultural and political environments impact on health.
Social model of health
An approach to health that recognises improvements in health and well being can only be achieved by directing effort towards addressing the physical, social cultural and political environments of health that have an impact on individuals and population groups.
The focus is on addressing the broader factors that influence health as a way of preventing many diseases and illnesses
Principles of the social model of health
-empowers individuals and communities
This principle aims to empower individuals and community so they can participate in decisions made about their health and wellbeing. When people have the knowledge and skills needed to make changes to their health, they feel more empowered to make positive changes to their health
-Acts to reduce social inequities
This principle addresses the social factors that contribute to inequities in health status. They include gender, culture, race, SES, access to healthcare, social exclusion and the physical environment. All these factors have the potential to heavily influence health status.
-involves intersectoral collaboration
This is when government and non-government organisations who have an influence over the sociocultural and environmental factors that influence health status work together to promote health and wellbeing.They consider how policies made in each sector can impact health and well being. Examples include the employment, education and finance sector as well as a private sector such as service providers who sit outside the health care system
-addresses the broader determinants of health
Behavioural factors such as reducing tobacco smoking or a healthy diet are an important part of health and wellbeing. These factors are often influenced by broader determinants such as gender, race or ethnicity, SES, geographical location or the physical environment. This principle focuses on the determinants of health that sit outside the control of the individual
-acts to enable access to health care
This principle addresses the social and environmental factors that reduce access to healthcare for all people. They include cultural and language barriers, economic and geographical factors and education levels
Empowers individuals and communities
This principle aims to empower individuals and community so they can participate in decisions made about their health and wellbeing. When people have the knowledge and skills needed to make changes to their health, they feel more empowered to make positive changes to their health
Ace to reduce social inequities
This principle addresses the social factors that contribute to inequities in health status. They include gender, culture, race, SES, access to healthcare, social exclusion and the physical environment. All these factors have the potential to have any influence health status.
What led to the development of new public health ?
New public health was developed because it became apparent that while people were aware of the behaviours that contribute to poor health and well-being, not everyone was able to change their behaviour. It became evident that many factors often beyond the control of individual can affect health and well-being, such factors are the physical, sociocultural and political environments. New public health focused on changes that could be made to people’s environment as a way to improve health and well-being
Acts to enable access to healthcare
This principle addresses the social and environmental factors that reduce access to healthcare for all people. They include cultural and language barriers, economic and geographical factors and education levels
Involves intersectoral collaboration
This is when government and non-government organisations who have an influence over the sociocultural and environmental factors that influence health status work together to promote health and wellbeing.They consider how policies made in each sector can impact health and well being. Examples include the employment, education and finance sector as well as a private sector such as service providers who sit outside the health care system
Addresses the broader determinants of health
Behavioural factors such as reducing tobacco smoking or a healthy diet are an important part of health and wellbeing. These factors are often influenced by broader determinants such as gender, race or ethnicity, SES, geographical location or the physical environment. This principle focuses on the determinants of health that sit outside the control of the individual
Advantages of the social model of health
• promotes overall health and wellbeing
As the social model doesn’t just focus on diseases that are present it has the potential to promote the overall health and well being of individuals
• less expensive than the biomedical approach
Although health promotion programs can cost millions of dollars to implement, the investment is often significantly cheaper than trading conditions once symptoms arise
• The responsibility for health and wellbeing is shared
The social model of health makes health and well-being the responsibility of more than just the health sector so therefore the reasons behind poor health and wellbeing are more likely to addressed
Disadvantages of the social model of health
• not every condition can be prevented
The causes of some conditions, including many genetic conditions can be very difficult to prevent
• it does not promote the development of technology
As it focuses on the broader determinants of health and obeying it does not promote medical advancements
•Health promotion messages may be ignored
The social model of health relies on the public cooperation. If people choose to ignore the health messages provided , health and wellbeing may not improve
