NEW MATERIAL/ EXAM 4 (part 2) Flashcards
Essay of the Principle of Population (1798)
Thomas Malthus
What was “Essay of the Principle of Population” about?
-Malthus says: Many more offspring are born than can survive. Many die prematurely (before reproducing)
What are the roles of Sea-turtles?
- They eat sea matter
- Green turtles eat seagrass beds
- they fertilize dunes w/ eggs
- Eggs that don’t rot, can become food for others
- other species can catch a ride on their backs
- They eat jellyfish!!! && sponges!!
What are some human causes of mortality of Sea Turtles?
- marketing since people eat their meat & eggs
- Poaching for souvenirs
- pollution
- boat strikes
- beach development & lighting
- plastic overuse
- bottom trawling
_______ % of the shrimp we eat, are farm raised.
80
Whats the problem with Farm Raised Shrimp (“shrimp agriculture”)
- Raised in a mangrove ecosystem, which the farm only lasts 5-7 years b/c of the need of the antibiotics
- YOU CANT RESTORE A MANGROVE!!!
- IT DESTROYS THE MANGROVE!!
What are solutions to help our marine ecosystem?
Reduce the amounts of shrimp and marine fish we eat!
Roughly ______ of all mangrove forests were replaced with commercial shrimp farms between 1986-1996.
1/3
In SE Asia and Indonesia, ________% of the world’s shrimp farm are located there.
80
Tsunami damage is much worse in ares where :
Areas with mangrove loss
In the past 5 years, seafood consumption in the US has ________.
Gone up (80% is imported)!
What are the levels of organization in nature?
- individual
- populations
- biological communities
- ecosystems
- biosphere (Earth)
- Solar System
- Milky way Galaxy
- The Universe!
Community-level Diversity is:
In the ecosystems
Species Diversity is:
In communities
Genetic Diversity is found:
Within populations
All terestrial ecosystems are ________ powered, and deep seas are ______ powered.
Solar
Geothermal
What is meant by “monoculture of the mind”?
Trends towards the simplification of human linguistic diversity and culture uniformity
Extirpation means?
ecologically extinct
When we bring in alien species, we see a _________ __________.
Range reduction
Americans make up ___% of the world’s population, and use nearly ___% of the world’s resources.
4% & 25%
Per Capita consumption =
Amount of resources used / # of people in society
The increase of human population in the US per year is about ___________.
3 million
We entered the 20th century with less than ____ people….We entered the 21st century with more than _____ people!
2 billion people & 6 billion people (now @ 7B)
__________ is the primary driving force in increasing human population in US in the last 35 years.
Immigration
