Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Biology 105- LECTURE > NEW MATERIAL/ EXAM 4 (part 1) > Flashcards

NEW MATERIAL/ EXAM 4 (part 1) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the role of the Mangrove Ecosystem?

A
  • To line Oceans
  • To create highly fertile land
  • Its like a nursery for ocean fish
  • 55% in the world have been destroyed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Why is landowner support important for listed species?

A

90% of all ESA species on non-federal land

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

T/F: Ecology is a subset of Biology.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is Biology?

A

The study of Life (a subset of Ecology)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is Ecology?

A

The interactions between environments (biotic & abiotic) and living organisms

  • The study of life, living, & non-living!
  • (WHOLE UNIVERSE)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does “Eco” mean?

A

whole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the largest unit of the natural world?

A

The entire Universe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the Biosphere?

A
  • Surface of the Earth/ NOT THE CORE

- All parts of the world that have life forms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How much of the grain, grew in the US is used to feed livestock?

A

70%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How much of the energy (in kilo-calories) in grain are lost to livestock?

A

10%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Meat consumption worldwide has ______ in the last 50 years.

A

Quadrupled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Change through time is an ____________ of short term changes.

A

Accumulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What tells us that species are not “fixed”?

A
  • closer observations
  • fossil record
  • DNA analysis
  • Anatomy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is Evolution?

A

A change in genetic makeup of populations over time.

-It’s the grand unifying theory of biology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the Theory of Evolution?

A

In science it is the well sustained explanation of some aspect of the natural world.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Most of our light comes from _________.

A

Burning coal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

T/F: Scientists understand evolution DID occur, they just argue where/when/how it happened (how everything branched out)!

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What did the evidence for evolution do?

A

It challenged more than any other theory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Evidence for evolution include:

A
  • Anatomy
  • Biology
  • Language
  • Astronomy
  • Genetics
  • continental drift
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is some Biochemical Evidence for Evolution?

A
  • All living organisms use ATP as a source of energy, and carry their genetic code in DNA/RNA
  • Many enzymes are virtually identical (amino acid sequences) in all organisms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is Biochemical Evidence?

A

The similarity in chemistry of related species

22
Q

What does Evolve mean?

A
  • From Latin evolvere
  • means to unroll

AKA “descent with modification”

23
Q

How is death Creative?

A

It drives Evolution—-(changes over time)

  • species come & go
  • new opportunity for species development
  • complexification (over course of time)
24
Q

Why is death essential to life?

A
  • It allows new life to exist/ GENERATIVE
  • It controls the population size
  • It provides habitat (ex. standing dead trees)
  • Nutrient Cycling
  • Provides soil fertility
  • Energy Flow
25
What does Fitness refer to?
The number of offspring produced by an individual
26
Lamark discussed evolution ______ years before Darwin.
50
27
5 Causes (at least) of Evolution:
``` 1-Natural Selection 2-Mutations 3-Genetic Drift 4-Gene Flow & Interruption of Gene Flow 5-Cooperation ```
28
Since _____ Americans have consumed more of the Earths resources than all humans that ever existed put together.
1950's
29
The current US population is about _________.
315 million
30
What is Overpopulation, and how to solve it?
- It is when the population has grown beyond the carrying capacity of the environment - Nature solves it!
31
The recovery of the J-Curve depend on what?
- loss of biodiversity - soil quality - degrade of water
32
How many people are in total object poverty?
1.5 billion (+)
33
The world population growth rate is _________.
slowing | -(b/c of AIDs, contraceptives, etc)
34
What are the 3 sources for genetic variation?
- mutations - Gene Flow - Sex
35
What are the causes of mutations?
- DNA fails to copy accurately | - External Influences such as exposure to certain chemicals or radiation.
36
What is genetic shuffling && why is it important?
- It is when organisms reproduce sexually bringing together new combinations of genes - Its important for evolution, b/c it can introduce new combinations of genes every generation (can also break up good genes)
37
Why is genetic diversity important for long-term survival of a population?
Without it, a population cannot evolve in response to changing environmental variables & as a result may face an increased risk of extinction.
38
______ contributes to variety in a population (__________ also contributes).
- genetic diversity | - sexual reproduction
39
Explain the phenomena of Inbreeding Depression:
Where in a small population, matings btw relatives are common, which may lower the population's ability to survive and reproduce.
40
What is the Free Willy Syndrome?
A "fairy-tale like belief that releasing captive animals i into the wild is usually a good thing to do"
41
Why is population size important?
According to the Evolutionary theory, very small populations face 2 dangers: -inbreeding depression -low genetic variation (which might keep them from recovering, despite efforts to preserve them)
42
Who is C. Linnaeus?
He developed the binomial system of nomenclature.
43
What does Binomial mean?
Bi=2 nominae= name (latin binmius)
44
What is the correct way to write a Scientific name?
Two names: - Genus Name - Epithet (such as variety)
45
Pandas thumbs reveal:
- imperfect design | - 5 claws && an opposable thumb
46
What do phylogenies do?
They trace patterns of shared ancestry between lineages. Showing common ancestors.
47
Why do species change over time?
B/c of: - mutation - natural selection - migration - genetic drift - cooperation
48
Malthus was a political economist who blamed the decline of living conditions in the 19th century on 3 elements:
1- The overproduction of young 2- the inability of resources to keep up with the rising human population 3- Irresponsibility of the lower class (not being able to support their young)
49
Today, _____ % of our rivers, lakes, and streams are unfishable or unswimable.
40%
50
What are some problems with large Alien Species?
- Hunt native prey - Experience Huge Expansions - No natural predators; species don't have defenses against others.

Biology 105- LECTURE (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions