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American history > New Deal > Flashcards

New Deal Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the primary focus of US foreign policy from 1933 to 1941?

A

The primary focus was on isolationism and avoiding involvement in European conflicts.

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2
Q

True or False: The US adopted the Good Neighbor Policy during this period.

A

True

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3
Q

What was the purpose of the Good Neighbor Policy?

A

To improve relations with Latin American countries and promote mutual respect and trade.

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: The ________ Act of 1935 aimed to prevent American involvement in foreign wars.

A

Neutrality

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5
Q

Which US President served from 1933 to 1945 and played a key role in shaping foreign policy during this period?

A

Franklin D. Roosevelt

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6
Q

What were the Neutrality Acts?

A

A series of laws passed in the 1930s to limit US involvement in overseas conflicts.

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7
Q

Multiple Choice: Which event prompted the US to reconsider its isolationist policies?

A

The outbreak of World War II in Europe.

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8
Q

What was the impact of the Lend-Lease Act of 1941?

A

It allowed the US to provide military aid to Allied nations, marking a shift from isolationism.

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9
Q

True or False: The US officially entered World War II in 1941.

A

True

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10
Q

Which countries were considered the main Allies during this period?

A

United Kingdom, Soviet Union, China, and France.

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11
Q

What was the significance of the Atlantic Charter in 1941?

A

It outlined the goals for the post-war world and strengthened US-British relations.

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12
Q

Fill in the blank: The US implemented the ________ to support Britain before entering WWII.

A

Lend-Lease

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13
Q

Multiple Choice: What was a key reason for US economic support to Britain?

A

To prevent the spread of fascism.

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14
Q

What was the purpose of the Export Control Act of 1940?

A

To restrict sales of strategic materials to countries that threatened US security.

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15
Q

True or False: The US maintained a strict neutrality throughout the entire period from 1933 to 1941.

A

False

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16
Q

What was the significance of the Tripartite Pact signed in 1940?

A

It formalized the military alliance between Germany, Italy, and Japan.

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17
Q

Which event directly led to the US entering World War II?

A

The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941.

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18
Q

Fill in the blank: The US’s policy of ________ involved providing support to nations resisting Axis powers.

A

Aid

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19
Q

What was the primary concern of the US regarding Japan in the late 1930s?

A

Japan’s expansion in Asia and the Pacific.

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20
Q

Multiple Choice: What was one outcome of the 1940 election regarding foreign policy?

A

Franklin D. Roosevelt was re-elected with a focus on supporting Allies.

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21
Q

True or False: The US had strong military alliances in Europe before 1941.

A

False

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22
Q

What was the main effect of the US’s isolationist policies in the 1930s?

A

It delayed US involvement in World War II.

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23
Q

Fill in the blank: The US provided ________ to the Soviet Union after it was invaded by Germany in 1941.

A

Lend-Lease aid

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24
Q

What was the role of the US in the League of Nations during this period?

A

The US was not a member and did not participate.

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25
Q

What was one of the first acts of aggression by Germany that escalated tensions in Europe?

A

The invasion of Poland in 1939.

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26
Q

What was the AAA?

A
  • Agricultural Adjustment Act
  • May 1933
  • Solve overproduction
  • Government gave substadies to reduce acreage.
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27
Q

What was TVA?

A
  • Tennesse Valley Authority
  • May 1933
  • help underdevelopmented areas and poverty
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28
Q

What was the EBA?

A
  • Emergency Banking Act
  • To build confidence in US Banking
  • Shut Banks for 5 days - Bank holidays
  • Allowed solvent banks to re-open
  • $1 bil to bank deposits
  • Bought stock to support banks
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29
Q

What was Glass-steagall?

A
  • To prevent corruption and loss ofmoney in banking
  • Bank officals couldn’t take loans
  • Ensured bank deposits (even if closed)
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30
Q

What was SEC?

A
  • Security Exchange Commision
  • Prevented corruption and fraud
  • Oversaw activity to prevent fraudualnt activity
  • Joesph Kennedy made head
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31
Q

What 3 measures of the First New Deal were made for Finance and Banking?

A
  • Emergency Banking Acts (EBA)
  • Glass-Steagall
  • Security Exchange Commision (SEC)
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32
Q

What 2 measures of the First New Deal were to help with Agriculture?

A
  • Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA)
  • Tenessee Valley Authority (TVA)
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33
Q

What were some limits to the AAA?

A
  • Put farmers out of work
  • Destoryed food when Americans were hungry
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34
Q

How many piglets were killed due to the AAA?

A

6 million

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35
Q

How much did farmer’s income raise by because of the AAA?

A

1932 - $4.5 Billion
1935 - $6.9 billion

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36
Q

What was the NIRA?

A
  • National Industrial Recovery Act
  • Had the NRA and PWA
37
Q

What was the NRA?

A
  • National Recovery Administration
  • Oversaw industrial recovery
  • Suspended Anti-trust legislation for 2 years - promoted expansion
  • Regulated fair competeition
38
Q

What was the PWA?

A
  • Public Works Administartion
  • Expand roads, dams, schools ect
  • Funded $3.3 billion
  • Reduced unemployment
  • increased demand for concrete
39
Q

How many schools did the PWA build?

A

13,000

40
Q

How many miles of road did the PWA create?

A

50,000

41
Q

What was limited to the NRA?

A
  • Many of the codes were unworkable
  • Large companies didn’t follow them
  • Small companies struggled to implement them
42
Q

What was the CWA?

A
  • Civil Works Administration
  • Stop unemployment
  • Put 4 million to work on public projects
43
Q

What were some limits to the CWA?

A
  • Unemployment was still present
  • It closed after 4 months in march
44
Q

What 3 measures were created by the First New Deal to help industries?

A
  • Nation Recovery Administration (NRA)
  • Public Works Administration (PWA)
  • Civil Works Administration (CWA)
45
Q

What was the FERA?

A
  • Federal Emergency Relief Act
  • To help with unemployment
  • Splt $500 mil among states
  • Money was mostly payed back by public work programs
46
Q

What was the CCC?

A
  • Civilian Conservation Corpe
  • Reduce Unemployment
  • Young men were recruted by deparment of labour
  • Helped with reforestation and soil conservation
47
Q

How many members did the CCC get?

A

500,000

48
Q

How many meters of telephone wire did the CCC lay?

A

65,100

49
Q

What were some limits to the FERA?

A
  • Not very effective
  • Workers were refused office space
  • Limited funds (only get $25 a month - average = $100)
50
Q

Why was the CCC limited in success?

A
  • Only temporary - 6 months
  • Only for white males
51
Q

What 2 measures of the first New Deal dealt with Relief?

A
  • Fedral Emergeny Relief Act (FERA)
  • Civilian Conservation Corpe (CCC)
52
Q

Who was Huey Long?

A
  • Left wing govener of lusisiana
  • Believed the New Deal should do more to benefit the poor
  • “Share our wealth Campaign”
53
Q

Who was Father Charles Coughlin?

A
  • Part of National Union for Social Justice
  • Believed banks had too much power and the New Deal should do more. had 25 million listeners
  • Lost support due to anti-semetic comments
54
Q

What was EPIC?

A

End Poverty in Calfornia

55
Q

What are 3 examples of groups wanting less of the New Deal (right)?

A
  • Liberty Leaguers
  • Big Business
  • Supreme Court
56
Q

What are 5 examples of groups wanting more of the New Deal?

A
  • Thunder on the Left
  • Haey Long
  • EPIC
  • Father Charles Coughlin
  • Old age revolting pension
57
Q

What was “Black Monday”

A
  • May 1935
  • Supreme Court ruled the NRA unconstitutional
58
Q

Why was the Supreme Court agisnt the New Deal?

A
  • Was republican dominated
  • Ruled the NRA and AAA unconstitutional
59
Q

How did the New Deal not benefit African Americans?

A
  • no civil legislation
  • AAA + CCC worked against them - paid less
60
Q

What was the negative effect of the New Deal on the economy?

A
  • Did little to increase economy (most policies were contradictidory - did want to spend much)
  • Personal income decrease to $73 bil from $86 bil
  • Average wage decreased
61
Q

How much did average wage decease by due to the New Deal?

A

-$25.03 per week to $23.89 10 years later

62
Q

How did the New Deal not benefit women?

A
  • Politicians didn’t see them as a priority
  • Economy Act didn’t allow members of the same family to work for the federal government.
  • NRA allowed for unequal wages
  • CCC Barred women
63
Q

What was the Good Neighboor Policy?

A
  • 1933
  • Improved relations with Latin America
  • no exploitation
64
Q

What was the 1935 Neutrality Act?

A
  • Stopped weapon exports to countries at war
65
Q

What was the 1936 Neutrality Act?

A
  • Banned loans and credit to countries at war
66
Q

What was the 1937 Neutrality Act?

A
  • Introduced ‘Cash and Carry’ but no weapons
67
Q

What was the 1938 Neutrality Act?

A
  • ‘Cash and Carry’
  • Must pay for in cash and not transported by US ships
  • Can be used for weapons (to help britain)
68
Q

What was the “Quarentine Speech”?

A
  • 1937
  • By Roosevelt
  • Stated that peace-loving nations should break off from their aggressors (Japan, Germany and Italy)
69
Q

Why did the US become more hostile to Japan from 1937?

A
  • They invaded China
  • Rejected ‘open door’ policy
70
Q

What US ship did Japan sink in 1937?

A

USS Panay

71
Q

What did Japan proclaim in 1938?

A
  • A New Order in East Asia
  • Turned into a Greater East Asia Co-proserity sphere (1940)
72
Q

What was the Triparite Pact?

A

1940
- Alliance between Germany, Japan and Italy

73
Q

How much money did Roosevet commit to defence in 1938?

A

$300 million

74
Q

Why did the “cash and carry” system not end up working?

A
  • France was defeated 1940
  • Britian couldn’t afford it - so they traded 50 battle ships
75
Q

What did Roosevelt promise in the 1940 election?

A
  • “Our boys are not going to be sent into any foreign wars”
76
Q

What was the Lend Lease Act?

A
  • May 1941
  • Supplying weapons to democratic countries
77
Q

What was the Atlantic Charter?

A
  • August 1941
  • Between Roosevelt and Churchill
  • How the world would look once Germany is defeated and to agree to share inteligence
78
Q

What was the America First Committee?

A
  • A reaction to conscription
  • Had 800,000 members
79
Q

What did Congress do to Japan in 1940?

A
  • Limited oil and steel supplies
  • Stopped sale of machinery
80
Q

What did Congress do to Japan in 1941?

A
  • Froze assets
  • Oil sanctions
  • Japan offered to withdraw fron SE asia if US + Britian stopped supplying china (US Didn’t respond)
81
Q

When was Pearl Harbour?

A
  • 7th of December 1941
82
Q

how many american servicemen were killed at pearl harbour?

A

2,300

83
Q

what did Japan destroy at Pearl Harbour?

A
  • 180 US aircrafts
  • 7 Battleships
84
Q

When did the US declare war on japan?

A
  • 8th of December 1941
85
Q

When did Germany and Italy declare war on the US?

A
  • 11th of December 1941
86
Q

What was the WPA?

A
  • Works Progress Administration
  • Provided people with public work projects
  • By 1941 employed 25% of workforce
  • But had lower wages
87
Q

What was the Wagner Act?

A
  • allowed workers the right to choose thier unions
  • three-man National Labor Relations Board
88
Q

What was the Social Security Act?

A
  • 1935
  • old age pension
  • unemployment insurance
89
Q

What was the Banking Act?

A
  • 1935
  • Created a centralised banking system in washington

American history (5 decks)

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