Neurovascular Flashcards
What are the levels of amputation?
Above the knee
Below the knee
Toe, Mid-foot, Syme
List common complications of amputation
Hemorrhage, Infection, Phantom pain, Neuroma, Flexion contractures
How do you respond to limb pain
Medicate-analgesia and alternative therapies
what is a neuroma?
tumor consist of damaged nerve cells formed after amputation
how do you help prevent flexion contractures?
proper positioning-prone every 3-4 hours and active range of motion
what is the most important assessment in musculoskeletal trauma?
neurovascular assessment
In peripheral vascular disease, both sides should be checked.
T/F?
True
How do you measure blood flow in patient with bilateral vascular disease?
Doppler
where should you assess pulses in musculoskeletal injury or trauma?
Below the level of trauma
What does hypercalcemia usually indicate?
Bone cancer
What type of assessment should be included for osteoporosis patients?
Fall risk assessment
List some interventions for osteoporosis
Increase calcium and vitamin D
Avoid alcohol and caffeine
weight bearing exercise
Avoid tobacco
What is a common drug therapy for osteoporosis?
Bisphosphonates- alendronate(Fosamax), ibandronate (Boniva), risedronate (Actonel)
When and how should bisphosphonates be taken?
Early morning and wait 30 - 60 min in upright position before eating
what is a common complication of BP’s?
esophagitis
interventions for osteomyelitis
IV antimicrobial therapy usually for several weeks
why is sequestrectomy performed?
Bone cannot heal in presence of necrotic tissue
what to look for post surgery for osteomyelitis
pain, pallor, pulseless, paresis, paralysis, parathesia
what are the classifications of fractures?
Open, Closed, Impacted, Greenstick, Spiral, Comminuted, Displaced, Oblique
Complications of fractures
Infection, immobility, Acute compartment syndrome, hypovolemic shock, fat embolism, venous thromboembolism, delayed union, crush syndrome
what is the earliest manifestation of FE?
altered mental status
what is the biggest risk for hip fractures?
osteoporosis
what drug therapy should not be used for fractures especially in older adults?
Demerol (meperidine)
how should patient be positioned after hip surgery
Supine, affected leg abducted, heels propped off the bed
