Cardiovascular Flashcards
how much blood does the heart pump with each beat?
5 L/min or 60mL/min
what vessels return deoxygenated blood to right atrium?
superior vena cave, inferior vena cave, coronary sinus
systole is _____ of the heart
contraction
diastole is _____ of the heart
“filling” or resting
what is stroke volume?
the amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle during each contraction
what is after the afterload?
resistance the ventricles must overcome to eject blood through the valves and blood vessels
what is the focus of patient history in terms of cardiovascular problems
obtain information about risk factors and symptoms. Assess non-modifiable risk
What is PND?
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea- patient awakens abruptly with feeling of suffocation.
Troponin normal range
T
Myoglobin normal range
what is the normal ration for HDL: LDL?
3:1
What serum levels are assessed for patients receiving heparin?
PTT/platelets
What serum levels are assessed for patients receiving warfarin (Coumadin)?
PT/INR
Why is it important to monitor heart rate and rhythm after administering Atropine?
Increased heart rate is expected.
Increased heart rate could cause ischemia in patients with CAD
What are the 3 I’s of MI
Ischemia
Injury
Infarction
what is the normal ejection fraction range?
50% - 70%
what condition is the leading cause of heart failure?
hypertension
how does atropine affect myasthenia gravis?
it’s an anticholinergic. It inhibits
what is the generic name for Tenormin?
atenolol
what is atenolol?
pg 782
antianginal, antihypertensive
pharm. class: beta blocker
- decreases BP and heart rate
- decreases frequency of angina attacks
- prevents MI
what are the 6 P’s of acute arterial occlusion?
- Pain
- Pallor
- Pulseless
- Paresthesia (abnormal sensations i.e. tingling, numbness)
- Paralysis
- Poikilothermia (inability to regulate core body temp)
what is Lopressor (metoprolol)?
pg 782
Ther. class: antianginal, antihypertensive
Pharm class: beta blocker
decreases BP and heart rate
decreases frequency of angina attacks
decreases rate of mortality and hospitalization in patients with heart failure
what make rheumatic carditis different from endocarditis?
rheumatic carditis develops after an upper respiratory infection with streptococci
Claudication?
muscle pain caused by inadequate blood supply
Ischemic
reduced blood flow in vessels caused by a blockage narrowing the lumen
when administering unfractionated heparin. When you should you notify the physician of platelet level?
when platelet count is below 120,000/mm3
what are the therapeutic lab levels for Coumadin/warfarin?
INR between 1.5 and 2.0
what is the antidote for warfarin?
vitamin K
