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A&P > Neurotransmitters of Anesthesia > Flashcards

Neurotransmitters of Anesthesia Flashcards

1
Q

NE

A

primary transmitter released from postganglionic sympathetic neurons

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2
Q

NE location

A

synthesized in nerve terminal- released into synapse to bind with alpha or beta receptors on postsynaptic membrane

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3
Q

NE removed by

A

reuptake or metabolized in the presynaptic terminal by MAO and COMT

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4
Q

NE metabolites

A

DOMA, NMN, MOPEG, VMA (vannillylmandelic acid)

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5
Q

Epinephrine synthesized

A

from NE by action of phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase

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6
Q

Epinephrine secreted

A

from adrenal medulla

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7
Q

Where is dopamine?

A

prominent in midbrain neurons

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8
Q

Dopamine released

A

from hypothalamus

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9
Q

What does dopamine do?

A

inhibits prolactin secretion

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10
Q

Dopamine metabolized by

A

MAO and COMT

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11
Q

D1 receptors

A

activate adenylate cyclase via Gs protein

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12
Q

D2 receptors

A

inhibit adenylate cyclase via Gi protein

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13
Q

Parkinson’s

A

degeneration of dopaminergic neurons that use D2 receptors

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14
Q

Where is serotonin?

A

present in high concentrations in brain stem

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15
Q

serotonin formed from

A

tryptophan

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16
Q

Serotonin converted to

A

melatonin in pineal gland

17
Q

Histamine is formed

A

from histidine

18
Q

Histamine is present in

A

neurons of hypothalamus

19
Q

H1 receptors

A

in smooth muscle, endothelium, brain

-postreceptor increases IP3, DAG

20
Q

H2 receptors

A

in gastric mucosa, cardiac muscle, mast cells, brain

-postreceptor increases cAMP

21
Q

Glutamate

A

most prevalent excitatory NT in brain

22
Q

GABA

A

major inhibitory NT

23
Q

GABA synthesized from

A

glutamate by glutamate decarboxylase

24
Q

GABAa

A

increase Cl- conductance- site of action of benzo and barbiturates

25
Q

GABAb

A

increases K conductance

26
Q

glycine

A

inhibitory transmitter in SC an brainstem

27
Q

Glycine increase ? conductance

A

Chloride

28
Q

Nitric Oxide

A

short acting inhibitory NT in GI, BV, CNS

29
Q

NO synthesized in

A

presynaptic nerve terminals (NO synthase converts arginine to citrulline and NO)

A&P (11 decks)

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