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Neuro U3 > Neurotransmitters Lec 7 > Flashcards

Neurotransmitters Lec 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Iontoropic NT receptors

A

Ligand-gated ion channels

4-5 subunits that each contain 3 or 4 transmembrane domains

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2
Q

Metabotropic NT receptors

A

G-protein-couple receptors

Monomeric proteins containing 7 transmembrane domains

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3
Q

Acetylcholine

A

PNS-NMJ

CNS-interneurons in brainstem/forebrain- involved in AD

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4
Q

ACh precursor

A

Acetyl CoA and Choline

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5
Q

ACh removal

A

Acetylcholinesterase

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6
Q

ACh organophosphates- insecticides and sarin

A

inhibit Acetylcholinesterase

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7
Q

ACh receptors

A

Ionotropic/nicotinic- excitatory
Metabotropic/muscarinic- brain and peripheral ganglia
- mediate responses of autonomic effector organs

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8
Q

ACh useful therapeutics

A

Atropine- antagonists- pupil dilation

Scopolamine- motion sickness

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9
Q

Myasthenia Gravis

A

Autoimmune Dz- against nAchR
increased turnover of receptors
muscle fatigue

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10
Q

Glutamate

A

Excitatory in brain

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11
Q

Excitotoxcity

A

High EC concentrations toxic to neurons

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12
Q

Glu precursor

A

Glutamine

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13
Q

Glu removal

A

Reuptake into terminal and glia

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14
Q

Glu receptors

A

Ionotropic- NMDA, AMPA, Kainite

Metabotropic- increase or decrease excitability of postsynaptic cell

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15
Q

GABA

A

Major inhibitory transmitter in CNS

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16
Q

GABA precursor

A

Glutamate

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17
Q

GABA removal

A

Reuptake into terminal and glia

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18
Q

Decreased GABA

A

can cause epilepsy

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19
Q

GABA receptors

A

Ionotropic- GABAa and GABAc

  • open inhibitory Cl channels
  • Benzodazepines and barbiturates

Metabotropic- GABAb

  • in Brain
  • produces inhibitory postsynaptic response
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20
Q

Glycine

A

Spinal cord

inhibitory

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21
Q

Gly precursor

A

Serine

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22
Q

Gly removal

A

Reuptake into terminal and glia

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23
Q

Gly Excess

A

Neonatal dz characterized by lethargy and MR

24
Q

Gly Receptors

A

Ionotropic only- open inhibitory Cl channels

25
Q

Strychnine

A

Blocks Gly receptors

causes overactivity leading to seizures

26
Q

Dopamine

A

Catecholamine

found mostly in corpus striatum

27
Q

Dopamine fxn

A 
Coordination of body movement
motivation
reward
reinforcement
emotional behavior
28
Q

Dopamine precursor

A

Tyrosine

29
Q

Dopamine packaging

A

Vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT)

30
Q

Synthesis

A

Tyrosine-DOPA-Dopamine

31
Q

Dopamine receptor

A

Metabotropic

32
Q

Dopamine removal

A

Re-uptake into terminal

33
Q

Parkinson Dz

A

Treated with L-DOPA to increase dopamine levels in striatum

34
Q

Additive drugs

A

raise dopamine levels by interfering with reuptake

35
Q

Amphetamine

A

inhibits both dopamine and NE transporters causing net increase in release of transmitters

36
Q

NE

A

Catecholamine
CNS- wakefulness, attention, feeding behavior
PNS- Sympathetic motor system

37
Q

NE precursor

A

Tyrosine

38
Q

NE packaging

A

Vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT)

39
Q

NE synthesis

A

Tyrosine-DOPA-Dopamine-NE-Epi

40
Q

NE receptor

A

Metabotropic

41
Q

NE removal

A

reuptake into terminal

42
Q

NE uses

A

Amphetamine
anti-anxiety drugs
anti-depressants

43
Q

Serotonin

A

Regulation of sleep, eating, wakefulness and arousal

44
Q

Serotonin precursor

A

Tryptophan

45
Q

Serotonin Synthesis

A

Tryptophan- 5hydroxytryptophan- serotonin

46
Q

Serotonin receptors

A

Metabotropic- impaired in many psychiatric disorders

Ionotropic- minor one

47
Q

Serotonin removal

A

Specific serotonin transporter (SERT)- into terminal

48
Q

Serotonin uses

A

Anti-anxiety

anti-depressants

49
Q

Neuropeptides

A

Emotions, perception of pain, responses to stress

50
Q

Neuropeptide categories

A

Brain-gut
Opiod
Pituitary
hypothalamic-releasing

51
Q

Neuropeptide precursor

A

Amino acids in ER

52
Q

Neuropeptide receptors

A

metabotropic

53
Q

Neuropeptide removal

A

peptidases

54
Q

Anti-psychotic drugs

A

Block dopamine receptors

55
Q

Anti-anxiety drugs

A

MAO inhibitors block breakdown of biogenic amines

inhibitors of serotonin reuptake

56
Q

Anti-depressants

A

MAO inhibitors block breakdown of biogenic amines
Tricyclic block reuptake of NE and 5HT
Serotonin reuptake inhibitors(Prozac) act on serotonin transporters

Neuro U3 (17 decks)

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