Neurotransmitters and their receptors

Question 1

In general neurotransmitters and their recpetors can be what 2 types?

Answer 1

small molecules

neuropeptides

Question 2

Where does ACh fit in as a neurotransmitter?

Answer 2

in a class all by itself 
even though it was the first neurotransmitter to be isolated

Question 3

What does ACh do at the NMJ?

Answer 3

it has excitatory effects

Question 4

Biogenic amines (modified amino acids): 
from tyrosine?

Answer 4

norepinephrine aka noradrenline
and
epinephrine aka adrenline and dopamine

Question 5

Biogenic amines (modified amino acids): 
from tryptophan

Answer 5

seratonin

Question 6

Biogenic amines (modified amino acids): 
from histadine

Answer 6

histamine

Question 7

How do neuropeptides (peptides) act as neuromodulators?

Answer 7

by inhibiting the release of substance P

Question 8

What is higher than normal in patients with fibromyalgia?

Answer 8

substance P

Question 9

What is substance P?

Answer 9

relays pain signals

Question 10

What happens if substance P release is inhibited?

Answer 10

pain is not perceived

Question 11

NO and CO (gasses) are novel messengers that stimulate the synthesis of?

Answer 11

the second messenger cGMP (cyclic guanosine monophosphate)

Question 12

amino acid
biogenic amines (modified amino acids)
neuropeptides
novel messengers

Answer 12

4 main types of neurotransmitters

Question 13

glutamate
aspartate
GABA (gamma-amino butyric acid)
glycine

Answer 13

amino acids

Question 14

norepinephrine aka noradrenaline
epinephrine aka adrenaline and dopamine
seratonin
histamine

Answer 14

biogenic amines

Question 15

enkephalins
endomorphins
dynomorphins
endorphins

Answer 15

4 neuropeptides (peptides) that are natural opiates that block the perception of pain

Question 16

ATP
nitric oxide- NO
carbon monoxide- CO

Answer 16

novel messengers