Neurotransmitters and their receptors Flashcards
In general neurotransmitters and their recpetors can be what 2 types?
small molecules
neuropeptides
Where does ACh fit in as a neurotransmitter?
in a class all by itself even though it was the first neurotransmitter to be isolated
What does ACh do at the NMJ?
it has excitatory effects
Biogenic amines (modified amino acids): from tyrosine?
norepinephrine aka noradrenline
and
epinephrine aka adrenline and dopamine
Biogenic amines (modified amino acids): from tryptophan
seratonin
Biogenic amines (modified amino acids): from histadine
histamine
How do neuropeptides (peptides) act as neuromodulators?
by inhibiting the release of substance P
What is higher than normal in patients with fibromyalgia?
substance P
What is substance P?
relays pain signals
What happens if substance P release is inhibited?
pain is not perceived
NO and CO (gasses) are novel messengers that stimulate the synthesis of?
the second messenger cGMP (cyclic guanosine monophosphate)
amino acid
biogenic amines (modified amino acids)
neuropeptides
novel messengers
4 main types of neurotransmitters
glutamate
aspartate
GABA (gamma-amino butyric acid)
glycine
amino acids
norepinephrine aka noradrenaline
epinephrine aka adrenaline and dopamine
seratonin
histamine
biogenic amines
enkephalins
endomorphins
dynomorphins
endorphins
4 neuropeptides (peptides) that are natural opiates that block the perception of pain
ATP
nitric oxide- NO
carbon monoxide- CO
novel messengers