Main functions, organization, and histology of nervous tissue

Question 1

What are the 2 main controlling systems of the body?

Answer 1

endocrine

nervous

Question 2

How does the speed of the endocrine and nervous system differ?

Answer 2

endocrine is slow

nervous is fast

Question 3

What are the 3 main functions of the nervous system?

Answer 3

sensory
integrative
motor

Question 4

stimulus is detected as sensory input

Answer 4

sensory function of nervous system

Question 5

stimulus is interpreted and change is communicated

Answer 5

integrative function of nervous system

Question 6

causes a response, stimulates a muscle or gland to act

Answer 6

motor function of nervous system

Question 7

Organization of the Nervous System:

What are the 2 branches of the CNS?

Answer 7

brain

spinal cord

Question 8

Organization of the Nervous System:

What are the 2 branches of the PNS?

Answer 8

motor (efferent) division

sensory (afferent) division

Question 9

Organization of the Nervous System:

What are the 2 branches of the motor (efferent) division of the PNS?

Answer 9

somatic nervous system (voluntary)

autonomic nervous system (involuntary)

Question 10

Organization of the Nervous System:
What are the 2 branches of the ANS (involuntary)?
ANS stems from the motor division of the PNS.

Answer 10

sympathetic division

parasympathetic division

Question 11

What are the 2 main types of nervous tissue?

Answer 11

neurons

neuroglia

Question 12

What are the 9 parts of a neuron?

Answer 12

cell body (soma) 
chromatophilic substance (Nissl bodies) 
nuclei/ganglia 
dendrites 
axon 
axon hillock 
axon collaterals 
axon terminals 
synapse

Question 13

aka soma, contains the nucleus, typical organelles plus chromatophilic substance. It is the main metabolic and nutritional area. An input and integrative region of the neuron.

Answer 13

cell body aka soma

Question 14

nucleus
organelles
chromatophilic substance

Answer 14

cell body aka soma

Question 15

main metabaolic and nutritional area

Answer 15

cell body aka soma

Question 16

input and integrative region of neuron

Answer 16

cell body aka soma

Question 17

specialized clustered RER and free ribosomes

Answer 17

chromatophilic substance (Nissl bodies)

Question 18

What are nuclei?

Answer 18

clusters of cell bodies in the CNS

Question 19

What are ganglia?

Answer 19

clusters of cell bodies in the PNS

Question 20

branches/extensions that recieve signals (receptive region) from other neurons. They are not myelinated and they have a large surface are to provide an input area.

Answer 20

dendrites

Question 21

Are dendrites myelinated?

Answer 21

no

Question 22

process or extension that propagates the messsage to another neuron, muscle, or gland. Conductive region generates an action potential.

Answer 22

axon

Question 23

What does the conductive region of the axon do?

Answer 23

generates an action potential

Question 24

What are the 3 areas that the axon can propagate the message to?

Answer 24

neuron
muscle
gland

Question 25

cone shaped part of the axon that emerges from the cell body, and acts as the "trigger zone" for the generation of action potentials

Answer 25

axon hillock

Question 26

What shape is the axon hillock and where does it emerge from?

Answer 26

cone shaped | emerges from the cell body

Question 27

What is the "trigger zone" for the generation of action potentials?

Answer 27

axon hillock

Question 28

Side branches of the axon usually at a right angle from the original axon.

Answer 28

axon collaterals

Question 29

At what angle is the axon collaterals?

Answer 29

usually a right angle from original axon

Question 30

aka synaptic terminals,

Answer 30

axon terminals

Question 31

the bulb like structures at the end of the terminal branches of the axon

Answer 31

axon terminals aka synaptic terminals

Question 32

The junction either between two neurons or a neuron and a gland or a neuron and a muscle

Answer 32

synapse

Question 33

Where are the 3 places a synaps can be?

Answer 33

between 2 neurons neuron and gland neuron and muscle

Question 34

What are the 2 cells that are involved in the synapse?

Answer 34

presynaptic | postsynaptic