Neurotransmitters

Question 1

Role of glycine at NMDA receptor?

Answer 1

Obligate coagonist

Question 2

Compound that increases muscle mass by increasing episodic secretion of growth hormone (GH)

Answer 2

Gamma hyroxybutyrate

Question 3

Neurotransmitter system last to mature in CNS of children and adolescents

Answer 3

Cholinergic

Question 4

Dopamine release in what structure represents common final event associated w/ reinforcing effects of opiates, cocaine, amphetamines, nicotine, PCP, and alcohol?

Answer 4

Nucleus accumbens

Question 5

Highest conc. Of serotonin producing cells in brain (where is serotonin produced)?

Answer 5

Raphe nuclei

Question 6

Dopamine and __________ regulates reward circuitry

Answer 6

GABA

Question 7

Area of the body w/ most serotonin?

Answer 7

GI tract

Question 8

Neuroimaging study most useful in studying connectivity pathways?

Answer 8

Single photon emission CT scan

Question 9

Neurotransmitter most associated w/ anxiety?

Answer 9

Norepinephrine

Question 10

Where are the major clusters of cells making serotonin in the brain?

Answer 10

Raphe nuclei in brainstem

Question 11

Positive, allosteric modulators of neurotransmitter-gated, multimeric ion channels do what?

Answer 11

Increase probability of opening in presence of a ligand

Question 12

Which is a retrograde neurotransmitter?

Answer 12

Endocannabinoids

Question 13

Neurohormone for social bonding

Answer 13

Oxytocin

Question 14

Ach receptors in cerebral cortex are

Answer 14

Both inhibitory and excitatory

Question 15

Prostaglandin D2 increases extra-cellular levels of

Answer 15

Adenosine

Question 16

Neurotransmitter associated with reward & reinforcement in nicotine dependence

Answer 16

Dopamine

Question 17

Which neurotransmitter is mainly inhibitory?

Answer 17

Glycine

Question 18

Cell bodies of dopaminergic neurons reside in which area of brain?

Answer 18

Ventral tegmental area

Question 19

Main mechanism of termination of synaptic activity of dopamine in PFC?

Answer 19

Diffusion (leaves area)

Question 20

Opiates inhibit C-amp dependent protein phosphorylation in?

Answer 20

Locus ceruleus

Question 21

Neurotransmitter which maintains consistent levels w/ age

Answer 21

Serotonin

Question 22

Which neurotransmitters are reduced in quantity, uptake, and turnover in spasticitY?

Answer 22

Glycine & GABA (inhibitory transmitters)

Question 23

The cognitive enhancement associated w/ experimental D-cycloserine tx in pt’s w/ schizophrenia has been attributed to enhancement of NMDA receptor activity by which neurotransmitter?

Answer 23

Glycine

Question 24

Neurotransmitter responsible for rewarding drug abuse

Answer 24

Dopamine

Question 25

Low CSF levels of this neurotransmitter metabolites associated w/ suicidality

Answer 25

5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA)

Question 26

What is the 5HT3 receptor classification?

Answer 26

Ligand gated

Question 27

Pain by neurogenic inflammation is mediated by?

Answer 27

Substance P

Question 28

Decreased level of what neurotransmitter is most associated w/ depressed mood, poor sleep, and poor impulse control?

Answer 28

Serotonin

Question 29

Psychiatric stress increases cortisol and prolonged cortisol is associated w/ bad outcomes.
Stress also affects other hormones.
Increase in which hormone is correlated with decreased PTSD severity, most likely d/t the hormone’s anti-glucocorticoid properties?

Answer 29

DHEA