Dementia 1 Flashcards
Neurocognitive fn most likely to show decline to ppl > 65 y/o?
Information processing speed
Most specific factor for distinguishing delirium from Alzheimer’s dementia?
Fluctuating arousal of cognition
80 y/o pt with Alzheimer’s brought in for increasingly combative behavior. Daughter wants to keep pt at home for as long as possible. Most helpful intervention?
Assessing for caregiver burnout
Which biomarker most likely to identify those with mild cognitive impairment at risk for developing Alzheimer’s?
E4 apolipoprotein E allele
Excessive activation of this receptor leads to cell death in Alzheimer’s
NMDA
Differentiates Alzheimer’s dementia from fronto-temporal dementia
Single photon emission CT scan
Most helpful to distinguish dementia vs delirium
EEG
Picture of tau staining for progressive dementia. Dx?
Alzheimer’s
Which cancer tx can be followed by a subcortical dementia d/t a leukoencephalopathy w/ onset after 6 months post treatment?
Whole brain radiation
Pt has been receiving dialysis for yrs has become more disoriented w/ memory loss.
PE normal, but nursing reports pt has begun to have seizures. Labs wnl, neurodiagnostics show no suggestive findings.
Most likely accounts for this presentation?
Dialysis dementia
Fronto-temporal dementia w/ mutation in Chr 17 associated w/ abnormal intraneuronal deposits of
Tau protein
Doc meets w/ pt and family to discuss tx of pt’s mild Alzheimer’s. No other neurological or psychiatric symptoms/findings. Most appropriate course of action
Begin cholinesterase inhibitor treatment
Earliest cell loss in pt’s with Alzheimer’s occurs where
Entorhinal cortex
74 y/o F: suspicious, poor ADLs, personality changes.
Most likely dx?
Pick’s dx
Protein mutation associated w/ Alzheimer’s in people < 60 y/o
Amyloid precursor protein
Neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer’s made of
Hyperphosphorylated tau proteins
80 y/o Alzheimer’s w/ increasingly combative behavior. Family wants to keep pt at home. Give what med?
Haldol
Dementia charactized by personality changes, attention deficit, impulsivity, affect lability, indifference, perseveration, and loss of executive fn associated w/ dysfunction in what area of brain?
Frontal lobe
Known risk factors for dementia
- Age
- Family hx
- Female
- Down’s syndrome
Characteristic MRI finding in Alzheimer’s
Reduced volume in hippocampus
Most common cause of dementia in pts > 65 y/o
Alzheimer’s
Amyloid precursor protein associated with
Alzheimer’s in pts < 60 y/o
Which meds have best results for treating agitation in dementia
Antipsychotics
Early stage HIV type 1 associated dementia has this deficit compared to early onset dementia
Decreased processing speed
