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Psychology Flashcards > Neuropsycology - Paper 2 > Flashcards

Neuropsycology - Paper 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

opposite to where the cerebellum is

where is the brain stem located

A

bottom of the brain
connects to the spinal cord

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2
Q

like the core in geography

where is the cerebellum located

A

top of the spinal cord

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3
Q

like the mantle in geography

where is the thalmus located

A

middle/deep inside the brain

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4
Q

like the crustin geography

where is the cortex located

A

along the outer covering of the brain

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5
Q

subconsious action

what is the function of the brain stem

A

breathing, heart rate,sleeping

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6
Q

walking

what is the function of the cerebellum

A

movement and balance

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7
Q

senses

what is the function of the thalmus

A

sensory processing

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8
Q

moving

what is the function of the cortex

A

cognition

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9
Q

memory

what is the funtion of the frontal lobe

A

controls thought, memory, problem-solving, planning.

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10
Q

front

what is the function of the perital lobe

A

at the front is the somatosensory area

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11
Q

hearing

what is the function of the temporal lobe

A

includes the auditory area and wernickes area

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12
Q

occipital = vision

what is the function of the occipital lobe

A

includes the visual area

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13
Q

specific

what is localisation of function

A

functions of the brain specifically coming from one location

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14
Q

deliberate

what is the function of the motor area

A

controls deliberate movement using motor neurons to send signals to the muscles

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15
Q

touch

what is the function of the somatosensory area

A

responsible for touch. the more sensitive part of the body is the larger the amount of the somatosensory cortex it will involve

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16
Q

visual = eyes

what is the function of the visual area

A

each eye sends visual information to the visual areas on each aide of the brain

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17
Q

autitory = ears

what is the function of the auditory area

A

recieves information from the ears

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18
Q

speaking

what is the function of brocas area

A

responsible for speech production

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19
Q

speaking

what is the function of wernickes area

A

involved in language processing/comprehension

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20
Q

stimulation

what was the aim of penfields study of the interprative cortex

A

to identify the psychological consequence of stimulating various parts of the temporal cortex using the montreal procedure

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21
Q

think about elecricity

what was the method of penfields study of the interprative cortex

A

gentle electrical stimulation to different areas of the cortex
then asked the patients to describe what they felt. he sometiimes used the placebo effect and told the atenits that he was stimulating the brain when he wasnt

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22
Q

what were the results of penfields study of the interpetive cortex

A

when each lobe is stimulated patients experienced different emotions but matched accordingly to the lobe that is stimulated

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23
Q

localisation of function

what is the conclusion for penfields study of the interprative cortex

A

when different areas of the brain are stimulated responses are relative to the love that is stimulated and there was evidence of localisation of function

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24
Q

enrgy and strengh

what is fight VS flight response

A

allows you to gain enough enrgy and strenth to deal with a life or death situation

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25
Q

fight or flight

what was the james lange theory of emotion

A

event - arousal - interpretation - emotion

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26
Q

think about a relay race

what are the 3 types of neurons

A
  • sensory neurons
  • relay neurons
    *motor neurons
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27
Q

like when you recieve a baton in a relaly race

what is a sensory neuron

A

carry information from the sense organs to the cental nervous system

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28
Q

when you get the initative to run when you get the baton in a relay race

what is a relay neuron

A

found in the cental nervous system they pass messages to each otherand make millions of connections with each other

29
Q

when you actually start running in a relay race

what is a motor neuron

A

stimulate muscles for movement,send signals from the brain to the muscles

30
Q

the process when each neuron communicates

what is synaptic transmission

A

when neurons pass messages to other neurons or muscles by releasing chemicals known as neuro transmitters to the tiny gaps in the dendrites

31
Q

what is exitation

A

when the recieving neuron is more likley to generate an electrical impulse

32
Q

INhibition keeps the neuron IN

what is inhibition

A

synapes make the neuron less likely to fire

33
Q

what is reputake

A

the receptor size is releaed back into the synapse

34
Q

neuronal growth

what was hebbs theory of learing

A

hebb suggested that if a neuron repeatedly exites another neuron neuronal growth occours and the synaptic knob becomes larger

35
Q
A
36
Q

in terms of neurology what happens when we learn things

A

the nurons in the brain become exited and get larger. they create new pathways in the brain whnever new information is lernt. these pathways are cakked cell asselblies they allow recall to happen. when a task/information is repeted the cell assemblies /pathways get stronger

37
Q

what is a CT scan

A

shows damaged areas such as tumors and blood clots, good image quality

38
Q

what PET scan

A

useful for showing damaged areas and blockages

39
Q

what is an fMRI scan

A

quick to carry out, no radioactivity risk

40
Q

what was the aim of tulvings gold memory study

A

to explore connetions between types of memory and brain activity

41
Q

what was the method of tulvings gold memory study

A

6 people were injected with a mildly reactive gold isotope the movement of the particles was measured with a PET scan the study compared episodic and semantic menory.

42
Q

what were the results of tulvings gold memory study

A

3 people were dropped from the study duee to inconsistent results. however the remaining 3 showed clear differences in blood flow patterns between episodic and semantic memories

43
Q

what was the conclusion of tulvings gold memory study

A

proves localistion of funtion because semantic and episodic memories produce activity in different areas of the brain

44
Q

SODA

what are 2 evaluative points for the James-Lange theory

A
  • opposing research
  • different theories
45
Q

evidence for opposing research for the James-Lange theory

A

according to James-Lange physiological responses should be necessary to experience emotion but researchers have shown that people with muscle paralysis and lack of sensation can still experience emotion

46
Q

what is the evidence for the different theories of the James-Lange theory

A

the Cannon-Bard theory suggests that emotional responses occour too quickly to be products of physical states when you encounter danger you will often encounter danger

47
Q

what is the link for opposing research for the James-Lange theory

A

this research decreases the validity of the James-Lange theory of emotion.

48
Q

what is the link for the different theories of the James-Lange theory

A

the other explanation is better because it explains things which James-Lange cannot which reduces the validity of the theory

49
Q

what are the 2 evaluative points for Hebbs theory of learning

A
  • the theory has a scientific basis
  • the theory is reductionist
50
Q

what is the evidence for the scientific basis of Hebbs theory

A

Although it was developed in the 1950’s, it has been supported by more recent research and advances in neuroscience.

51
Q

what is the evidence for Hebbs theory being reductionist

A

it attempts to explain the complex area of learning by referring mainly to just the area of activity in the brain.

52
Q

what is the link for the scientific basis of Hebbs theory

A

this research increases the validity of Hebb’s theory of learning. It is particularly strong supporting evidence because evidence from neuroscience is very scientific as it is highly objective

53
Q

what is the link for Hebbs theory being reductionist

A

Hebb’s theory may not explain learning fully. To be a more complete theory, it should include some discussion of all the other factors involved in learning.

54
Q

what are the 4 evaluative points for Tulving’s gold study

A
  • study has a limited sample
  • study has real life applications
  • study has good methology
  • study has poor control
55
Q

what is the evidence for tulvings study having a limited sample

A

only 3 participents had consistent results

56
Q

what is the evidence for tulvings study having real life applications

A

The study was one of the first to use brain scans to study cognitive processes in the living brain.

57
Q

what is the evidence for tulvings study having good methology

A

Tulving’s study used scientific methods and produced objective, unbiased findings.

58
Q

what us the evidence fo tulvings study having poor control

A

It’s not possible to make sure that the participants only thought about what they were asked to.

59
Q

what was the link for the limited sample of tulvings study

A

results are harder to generalise

60
Q

what was the link for tulvings study having real life applications

A

the results are useful in a real life context

61
Q

what was the link for tulvings study having good methology

A

the results are more valid

62
Q

what was the link for tulvings study having poor control

A

this makes the results less valid

63
Q

what are the 3 evaluative points for penfields study

A
  • the research has benefited neuroscience greatly
  • there is contradicting research
  • the sample was unrepresentative
64
Q

what is the evidence for penfields study benifiting neuroscience

A

Penfield was able to pinpoint exact
brain locations for certain processes.

65
Q

what is the evidence for pendfields study having contradicting research

A

Penfield replicated his experiment but this
time only 7% of participants reported reliving an experience when their temporal lobe was stimulated.

66
Q

what was the link for penfields study benifiting neuroscience

A

neuroscience has developed
considerably because of Penfield’s work.

66
Q

what is the evidence for penfields study being unrepresentative

A

all of the participents had epilepsy

67
Q

what was the link for the contradicting research of penfields study

A

there are inconsistent findings in this area and therefore the research lacks reliability.

68
Q

what is the link for penfields study having an unrepresentative sample

A

we can’t generalise the results to people who don’t have epilepsy as their brains might work differently

Psychology Flashcards (8 decks)

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