Language,thought and communication - Paper 2 Flashcards
what are the 4 stages to piaget’s theory
- sensory motor
- preoperational
- concrete operational
- formal operational
according to piaget what come first, language or thought
language depends on thought
what does piaget believe about cognitive development
cognitive development leads to the growth of language
why is piagets theory not generalisable
because there was a small sample
why was piagets theory not reliable
only piaget carried out the study so it could have been biased
what did sapir whorf suggest about language
- it could lead us to focus on cirtain things
- could make some ways of thinking more likley than others
- could lead to a memory bias
according to sapir whorf what comes first language or thought
thought and behaviors are affected and formed by the language we speak
according to sapir -whorf language comes before thought - what does this mean for different cultures
cultures with different languages will have very different ways of thinking and understanding things
why is the weak version of the sapir whorf hypothesis preferred
it says that language is only infleuenced by thought and only plays a small part,this allows for other factors to be taken into account
what does the strong version of the sapir whorf hypothesis say
language determines thought so if a particular language has no words for a certain thought object or idea then people who speak that language will have no way of thinking about it
what are the 4 main reasons that animals communicate
food
reproduction
territory
survival
what are the zones of personal space
public space = random people
social space = people you know
personal space = friends
intimate = family and pets
give 3 examples of open body language
hands on hips
waving
talking with hands
give 3 examples of closed body language
crossed arms/legs
head down
hands in pockets
what is postural echo
when people who get on well together are seen to adopt one anothers posture
what are 2 factors affecting personal space
status
culture
what was the aim of yuki’s emoticon study
to investigate how culture affects facial cues are used when understanding peoples emotions
what type of design was Yuki’s emoticon study
questionaire
what was the method for Yuki’s emoticon study
6 combinations of eyes and mouths the eyes and the mouths were either happy neutral and sad participants had to rate how happy each face was
what were the results of yuki emoticons study
japanease students gave the highest taking for happy eyes. american students gave highest ratings for happy mouths
what was the conclusion of yuki emoticons study
people learn cultural norms on expression and interpretation of emotions
what was the aim of von frisch bee study
bees can communicate by dancing-how do bees communicate
what was the method of von frisch bee study
studies the bees in their natural enviroment- sometimes changing elements of it to see if the effect on the behaviour controlled observation- made 6000 observations
what were the results of von frisch bee study
bees have 2 dances- round dance: food is less than 100m away `
waggle dance- food is further than 100m away and he found that they show the direction of the food
what was the conclusion of von frisch bee study
60% of bees went to the food source at the distance indicated bees communicated by dancing-they use different dances depending on the where the food is
