Neurophysiology: Excitable Tissue

Question 1

Dendrites

Answer 1

Branching extensions from the cell body that interact with other neurons. “Incoming messages”

Question 2

Axon

Answer 2

Single branch from the cell body. Used for communication.

Question 3

Cell body

Answer 3

The location of the neurons nucleus, mitochondria. No centrioles, cannot divided.

Question 4

Axon Hillock

Answer 4

The place of attachment for the axon to the cell body. Where the signal originates.

Question 5

Axolemma

Answer 5

Axon cell membrane

Question 6

Axoplasma

Answer 6

Axon cytoplasm

Question 7

Telodendria

Answer 7

Fine branches found at the distal end of the neurons axon.

Question 8

Synaptic terminals

Answer 8

A specialized area within the axon of the presynaptic cell the contains neurotransmitters.

Question 9

Axoplasmic transport

Answer 9

The movement of mitochondria, lipids, synaptic vessels, proteins ECF. To and from the cell body to the axon.

Question 10

Retrograde transport

Answer 10

Movement toward the cell body.

Question 11

Anterograde transport

Answer 11

Movement toward the synapses.

Question 12

Presynaptic cell

Answer 12

The cell the faces the receiving cell. Before the synaptic cleft.

Question 13

Postsynaptic cell

Answer 13

The cell that receives a signal. After the synaptic cleft.

Question 14

Synapse

Answer 14

A junction between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap Whit h impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter.

Question 15

Anaxonic neuron

Answer 15

A neuron where the axon cannot be differentiated from the dendrites.

Question 16

Bipolar neuron

Answer 16

Special sensory neuron with two extensions.

Question 17

Unipolar neuron

Answer 17

Neurons have one process, this process attaches to the axon and causes the cell body to sit aside the axon.

Question 18

Multipolar neuron

Answer 18

Most commen. Cell body with dendrites and a single axon attached.

Question 19

Interoceptor

Answer 19

A sensory receptor that receives stimuli from inside the body, especially the gut!

Question 20

Proprioceptor

Answer 20

A sensory receptor that receives stimuli from within the body, especially one that responds to position and movement.

Question 21

Exteroceptor

Answer 21

A sensory neuron that receives external stimuli.

Question 22

Exteroceptor

Answer 22

A sensory receptor that receives external stimuli.

Question 23

Afferent fibers

Answer 23

Neurons that receive sensory information and sent it to the CNS.

Question 24

Efferent fibers

Answer 24

Send information from the CNS to the PNS.

Question 25

Interneurons

Answer 25

Relays information from the afferent neurons to the efferent neurons.

Question 26

Ependyma cells

Answer 26

The cells that line the ventricles that contain CSF. Simple columnar.

Question 27

Microglia

Answer 27

Macrophages of the brain.

Question 28

Astrocytes

Answer 28

Maintain BBB and CNS structure. Repair but very limited, development and controlling interstitial environment.

Question 29

Oligodendrocyte

Answer 29

Myelinated the axons of the neurons.

Question 30

Myelin

Answer 30

Fatty covering of the axon. Speeds up sing nail transmission.

Question 31

Internode

Answer 31

A stretch of nerve cell axon covered in myelin, between the nodes of ranvier.

Question 32

White matter

Answer 32

Axons

Question 33

Grey matter

Answer 33

Cell bodies

Question 34

BBB

Answer 34

A filtering mechanism of the capillaries that carry blood to the CNS. Blocking passage of certain things.

Question 35

Schwann cells, nuerolemma

Answer 35

In the PNS they produce the myelin sheath.

Question 36

Satellite cells

Answer 36

Cover cell bodies and regulate interstitial environment.