Neurophysiology Flashcards
Afferent fibers vs efferent fibers
The afferent neurons convey the sensory stimulus to the brain (like burning sensation of a candle), the efferent neurons convey the motor stimulus to the muscles (moving the hand away from the candle). To sum it up: Afferent = Receive and Efferent = Act.
Voltage gated channels
Voltage-gated ion channels are a class of transmembrane proteins that form ion channels that are activated by changes in the electrical membrane potential near the channel. The membrane potential alters the conformation of the channel proteins, regulating their opening and closing.
Temporal summation
Stimulation from a single neuron to another.
Spatial summation
Stimulation from multiple neurons.
Cholinergic synapse
Uses ACh
Axon terminal
Where synaptic vesicles cluster and will release the electrical impulse of the presynaptic cell.
Synaptic fatigue
Results in the temporary inability of neurons to fire.
Synaptic delay
The time interval between peak of inward current.
Electrical synapse
Is a mechanical and electrical link between two neurons.
EPSP
Excitatory postsynaptic potential. Make the post synaptic neuron more likely to fire.
Inhibitory postsynaptic potential, IPSP
Makes post synaptic neuron less likely to fire.
G proteins
Involved in transmitting signals from a variety of stimuli outside a cell to its interior.
Second messengers
Relay signals received at receptors on the cell surface.
cAMP, cyclic AMP
Is a second messenger, is a derivative of ATP and used for intercellular transduction.
Norepinephrine
In the catecholamine family. Mobilizes the brain and body for action.
