Muscle Phsiology

Question 1

Creatine phosphate

Answer 1

Is a phosphorylated creatine molecule that serves as a rapidly mobilizable reserve of high-energy phosphates in skeletal muscle and the brain.

Question 2

Creatine kinase

Answer 2

It catalyzes the reversible transfer of high-energy phosphate from ATP to creatine, facilitating storage of energy in the form of phosphocreatine. In muscle cells, this extra energy buffer plays a pivotal role in maintaining ATP homeostasis.

Question 3

Lactic acid

Answer 3

It is formed from glycogen by muscle cells when the oxygen supply is inadequate to support energy production. Lactate was long considered one of the causes of both fatigue during exercise and the stiffness felt after.

Question 4

Oxygen debt

Answer 4

Oxygen debt the extra oxygen that must be used in the oxidative energy processes after a period of strenuous exercise to reconvert lactic acid to glucose and decomposed ATP and creatine phosphate to their original states.

Question 5

Atrophy

Answer 5

Waste away, typically due to the degeneration of cells, or become vestigial during evolution.
“without exercise, the muscles will atrophy”

Question 6

Cori cycle

Answer 6

Lactic acid cycle. Lactate is produced by anaerobic glycolysis in the muscles moves to the liver and is converted to glucose, the glucos then returns to the muscles and is then metabolized.

Question 7

Fast twitch glycolytic muscle fibers, fast glycolytic

Answer 7

White muscle, fewer mitochondria, less blood flow, use glycolysis to produce energy. Use ATP faster and contain more Ca transporters in the sarcoplasmic reticulum and more binding sites for Ca. The head portion of myosin hydrolyzes ATP much faster.

Question 8

Slow twitch, red muscle

Answer 8

More blood flow and mitochondria. Used for longer periods of time. Use oxidative phosphorylation and less ATP.

Question 9

Fast twitch aerobic muscle fibers, intermediate

Answer 9

A mix of fast twitch glycolytic and slow twitch. Can be used for anaerobic and aerobic energy systems.

Question 10

Myoglobin

Answer 10

Is an Fe and O binding protein found in muscle tissue. Related to hemoglobin. Makes muscles red!

Question 11

Hypertrophy

Answer 11

Getting buff! An increase in muscle mass.

Question 12

Atrophy

Answer 12

Wasting away of muscle tissue due to under use.