Neuropathology 1

Question 1

CSF findings in bacterial meningitis?

Answer 1

Purulent/cloudy CSF, increased pressure, increased protein count, reduced glucose count, high neutrophils

Question 2

CSF findings in aseptic (viral) meningitis?

Answer 2

Lymphocytic pleocytosis, moderate protein elevation, normal glucose content

Question 3

CSF findings in brain abscess?

Answer 3

High white cell count, increased protein concentration, normal glucose content

Question 4

What are sx/CSF findings in a subdural empyema?

Answer 4

CSF-High white cell count, increased protein concentration, normal glucose content. Subdural empyema will be febrile, with HA and stiff neck.

Question 5

What is nearoborreliosis?

Answer 5

Lyme disease manifestation wi/highly variable symptoms including aseptic meningitis, facial nerve palsy, encephalopathy

Question 6

What manifestations does CMV have in utero?

Answer 6

In utero-> periventricular necrosis-> brain destruction, microcephaly, periventricular calcifications

Question 7

How does acute hypertensive encephalopathy present?

Answer 7

malignant HTN-> increased intracrainial pressure with HA, vomiting, convulsions, cerebral dysfunction

Question 8

What are the sx and epidemiology of HSV-1?

Answer 8

Most common in children and young adults

Presenting sx-> changes in mood, memory, behavior and oral lesions

Question 9

What is the morphology of CMV in the brain?

Answer 9

Localizes in periventricular subepyndymal area of brain-> severe, hemorrhagic necrotizing ventriculoencephalitis, choroid plexitis

Question 10

Most common organisms that cause meningitis in neonates?

Answer 10

Group B strep, Listeria, and E. Coli

Question 11

Teen/Young adult that presents with meningitis sx and petechiae…. first thought should be?

Answer 11

Nesseria meningiditis

Question 12

Uncal herniations often compress what structures?

Answer 12

CN3, PCA compressions

Question 13

What is an Arnold Chiari malformation?

Answer 13

Small posterior fossa, displacement of vermis through foramen magnum

Question 14

What is a Dandy-Walker malformation?

Answer 14

Enlarged posterior fossa, absent cerebellar vermis, often dilated 4th ventricle. Will have slow motor development, unsteadiness, trouble with voluntary motion.

Question 15

How would multi cystic encephalopathy present?

Answer 15

In a neonate after prolonged ischemia-> cystic lesions throughout both hemispheres

Question 16

What is Guillan-Barre?

Answer 16

Autoimmune disease that affects Schwann cells-> results in ascending paralysis (often after CMV or C. jejuni infection)