Neurons And Synapses

Question 1

Neurones

Answer 1

Billions in your body that vary in length and shape and allow for communication in the nervous system.

Question 2

Cell body

Answer 2

Control centre

Question 3

Axon

Answer 3

Electrical impulses travel along

Question 4

Myelin sheath

Answer 4

Not on a relay, speeds up transmission

Question 5

Dendrite

Answer 5

Received chemical messages from other neurones (first end)

Question 6

Axon terminal

Answer 6

Sends chemical messages to other neurones (at second end)

Question 7

Sensory ( a. Where b. Function c. Features)

Answer 7

A. Travels to brain
B. Receives information from surroundings and taken to CNS.
C. Long dendrite, short axon.

Question 8

Motor ( a. Where b. Function c. Features)

Answer 8

A. Travels away from brain to muscles
B. Carries nerve impulses from CNS to muscles
C. Short dendrite, long axon

Question 9

Relay ( a. Where b. Function c. Features)

Answer 9

A. In the spinal cord only.
B. Needed as motor and sensory neurone cannot directly communicate.
C. Short dendrite short axon

Question 10

Explain the process of synaptic transmission

Answer 10

Electrical impulses (action potentials) reach the presynaptic transmission. They then trigger the release of neurotransmitters which cross the synapse through vesicles. The neurotransmitter then combine with receptors on the postsynaptic membrane. The stimulation of the postsynaptic membrane by neurotransmitters results in excitation or inhibition of the postsynaptic membrane.