Neuronal communication

Question 1

What is homeostasis?

Answer 1

The communication between cells, tissues and organelles to control and maintain internal conditions between a range that is optimum for the organism.

Question 2

How are signals transferred locally?

Answer 2

Between neurones and at synapses

e.g. neurotransmitter

Question 3

What is a neurotransmitter?

Answer 3

Chemicals which are used to pass signals from one neurone to the next

Question 4

What are the three types of neurones?

Answer 4

Sensory

Motor

Relay

Question 5

What is the purpose of sensory neurones?

Answer 5

Transmit impulses from a sensory receptor cell to a relay neurone, motor neurone or the brain

One dendron - carries impulse to the cell body

One axon - carries impulse away from the cell body

Question 6

What is the purpose of relay neurones?

Answer 6

Transmit impulses between neurones

Many short axons and dendrons

Question 7

What is the purpose of a motor neurone?

Answer 7

Transmit impulses from a relay neurone or a sensory neurone to an effector - e.g. muscle or gland

One axon and many short dendrites

Question 8

What is the purpose of sensory receptors?

Answer 8

Convert the stimulus into a nerve impulse

Question 9

What are usually the effectors?

Answer 9

Muscle

Gland

Question 10

What are the two main features of a sensory neurone?

Answer 10

Specific to a single type of stimulus

Act as a transducer - convert a stimulus into a nerve impulse